Inevitable manufacturing imperfections in optical fiber leads to birefringence, which is one cause of pulse broadening in fiber-optic communications. Such imperfections can be geometrical (lack of circular symmetry), due to stress applied to the optical fiber and/or due to bending of the fiber.
If ice is warmed and becomes a liquid, the process is endothermic.
The process requires heat in order to proceed. If ice stays in a very cold place, it will not melt unless it's heated. If ice is placed outside where it melts on its own, it gets the heat from the surroundings.
Hey there!
H₃PO₄
Find molar mass.
H: 3 x 1.008 = 3.024
P: 1 x 30.97 = 30.97
O: 4 x 16 = 64
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97.994 grams
The mass of 1 mole of H₃PO₄ is 97.994 grams.
We have 4.5 moles.
97.994 x 4.5 = 440
The mass of 4.5 moles of H₃PO₄ is 440 grams.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
2B2 + 3O2 → 2B2O3
Explanation:
Balance The Equation: B2 + O2 = B2O3
1. Label Each Compound With a Variable
aB2 + bO2 = cB2O3
2. Create a System of Equations, One Per Element
B: 2a + 0b = 2c
O: 0a + 2b = 3c
3. Solve For All Variables (using substitution, gauss elimination, or a calculator)
a = 2
b = 3
c = 2
4. Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result
2B2 + 3O2 = 2B2O3
L R
B: 4 4 ✔️
O: 6 6 ✔️
hope this helps!
