Answer:
Since P(male)xP(fail) = 0.0549 and and P(male and fail) = 0.0773, the two results are different, so the events are not independent.
Step-by-step explanation:
Independent events:
Two events, A and B are independent, if:
Probability of male:
58 + 14 = 72 males out of 58 + 14 + 98 + 11 = 181
So
P(male) = 72/181 = 0.3978
Probability of failling:
14 + 11 = 25 students fail out of 181. So
P(fail) = 28/181 = 0.1381
Multiplitication of male and failling:
0.3978*0.1381 = 0.0549
Probability of being male and failing:
14 out of 181. So
14/181 = 0.0773
Different probabilities, so not independent.
Since P(male)xP(fail) = 0.0549 and and P(male and fail) = 0.0773, the two results are different, so the events are not independent.