The genetoc material is chromosomes
Because turners disorder happens when one of the X chromosomes is fully or partially missing. in other words it’s a chromosomal disorder because it deals with the sex chromosomes
Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms.
(At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion. Eukaryotic cells containing mitochondria then engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotes, which evolved to become specialized chloroplast organelles).
I think you forgot to give the options related to the question. So it becomes a bit hard to answer the question perfectly, still i would do my best and hope that it comes to your help. Prior to the ideas presented by Charles Darwin concerning evolution, several alternating theories had been developed and they included all but the DNA differences within a species lead to some individuals being better able to survive. This theory was developed after Darwin came up with his theory..