Answer:
The facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport affected by different factors including the temperature and the pH level. The facilitated diffusion process is produced by proteins that enable the movement of molecules between both sides of the cell membrane.
The pH level depends on the ion gradient and this factor modifies the diffusion rate of the buffers between both sides of the cell membrane. Moreover, the temperature is a factor that modifies the ionic charge of molecules, as well as the structure and the porosity of pores that facilitate the interchange between both sides of the cell membrane
Answer:
8
Explanation:
(-3-2) and (3+10) are in parenthesis, so solve them before adding them. Then, take negative five from the left and 13 from the right and add them together. you get 8
Answer:
Date and latitude interact to determine photoperiod, the daily period of daylight. This interaction has important implications for latitudinal migrants for whom daylight may be a resource or for whom photoperiod regulates annual transitions in life‐history stages (i.e. birds).
Using an established formula, we developed user‐interactive, animated models that enable the visualization of how latitude and date determine photoperiod for latitudinal migrants. We also calculated the photoperiodic schedules for a broad range of hypothetical migratory programmes and real migratory programmes newly available through the proliferation of citizen‐science data. This enabled us to infer the limitations some migratory programmes place on mechanisms for photoperiodic regulation of annual breeding.
In the vast majority of cases, the act of migrating elevates annual daylight exposure. This raises the hypothesis that daylight availability selects for latitudinal migration, potentially contributing to its evolution in animals such as diurnal birds with limited time during the spring and summer to feed young. However, photoperiodic mechanisms regulating annual cycles could constrain the evolution of such migrations, depending on how they affect photoperiodic schedules. Most migratory programmes are consistent with known mechanisms of avian photoperiodism, but the range of feasible mechanisms declines for transequatorial migrants, which experience semi‐annual, 180°‐phase‐shifts in their photoperiodic cycles.
Understanding photoperiodic constraints on migration are particularly important in this age of changing latitudinal distributions and phenologies driven by climate change.
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