Diffusion is helping these gases to do the gas exchange at alveoli, and blood capillaries. And diffusion depends on partial pressure because it is the pressure produced by the gas in a mixture when it occupied by its own volume.
Explanation:
- In a body, the gas exchange will occur in two places, one is lungs where oxygen will take and carbon dioxide will release into the respiratory membrane. The second place the tissues where the oxygen is released and the carbon dioxide is taking.
- In external respiration, exchanging gases with the external environment and this occurs in the alveoli of the lungs. In the internal respiration, change of gases will happen with the internal environment and occurs in the tissues.
- The exchange of gases is happened because of the simple diffusion. Diffusion is the process at which the gas-particle will move from high concentration to low concentration.
- there is no energy required to move carbon dioxide or oxygen between the membranes. Because they will create a pressure gradient which allows them to diffuse between the membranes.
The erythema response of skin to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), i.e., the sunburn reaction, has long been known to correlate with skin color. Dark-skinned individuals are able to tolerate a longer sun exposure than light-skinned individuals. Skin color in humans is mainly determined by the quantity, quality, and distribution of the complex biopolymer, mel~ni1_1, and its organized form, the melanosome (1,2}; melanm IS thought to protect skin from the deleterious effects of UVR.
Answer:
Correct answer is B HIV.
Explanation:
HIV is called a retrovirus because it works in a back-to-front way. Unlike other viruses, retroviruses store their genetic information using RNA instead of DNA, meaning they need to 'make' DNA when they enter a human cell in order to make new copies of themselves.
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Answer:
DNA is first checked during the G1/S. This is when the integrity of DNA is checked to make sure it's correct and ready to be replicated in the S phase. If the DNA fails the check, it can leave the cell cycle or enter a resting phase called G0, where it stays until the DNA is corrected. Any damage is fixed by proteins, the key one being the p53 protein, a tumor suppressor. It works by halting the cell cycle and activating repair proteins. If the damage is irreparable, it initiates apoptosis, programmed cell death, to prevent the damaged DNA from replicating and dividing into cells. If this gene is missing or mutated, damaged cells continue to replicated rapidly and lead to the rise of tumors and thus cancer. If nothing is wrong or the errors are fixed, the G1/S checkpoint gives the green light, to allow DNA to replicate. The now replicated chromosomes are once again checked in the G2 checkpoint. Here, they're checked again for integrity and whether or not replication occurred correctly. If the DNA fails these checks, the cell once again attempts to fix the problems. If these problems aren't corrected due to mutations in the repair proteins, the cells containing the damaged chromosomes will continue to replicate rapidly and cause cancer. Should no problems occur, cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are activated and allow the cell to continue into mitosis. DNA damage can basically lead to the rapid division of mutated cells and cancer.
