Answer:
1.ans Phylogenetic Trees
Scientists use a tool called a phylogenetic tree to show the evolutionary pathways and connections among organisms. A phylogenetic tree is a diagram used to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms or groups of organisms.
2.ans Binomial Nomenclature Rules
The entire two-part name must be written in italics (or underlined when handwritten). The genus name is always written first. The genus name must be capitalized. The specific epithet is never capitalized
3.ans Dichotomous Key
A dichotomous key is a tool created by scientists to help scientists and laypeople identify objects and organisms. Typically, a dichotomous key for identifying a particular type of object consists of a specific series of questions.
<span>There are many types of algae. Some of which are brown algae or the Phaeophyta/Phaeophytes,the green algae which is also known as the Chlorophytes, and the Chrysophytes or the golden algae. Among these algae, only the Chrysophytes shows distinct alternation of generations or metagenesis.</span>
B)Mendelian genes are at specific loci on the chromosome and,in turn, segregate during meiosis.
There are several specific characteristics for procaryote and eucaryote:
- Procaryotes has a cell wall, in addition to the cell membrane.
- procaryotes has chromatin in the cytoplasm, they do not have a nucleus.
- Procaryotes are small cells visible only at the microscope with x100 objective.
About the eucaryotic cells:
- Eucaryotes have mitochondria,
- Eucaryotes have endoplasmic reticulum
- Eucaryotes have a nucleus with DNA chromatin and nucleoli inside it.
- Eucaryotes are visible in the microscope x40
Because of the fact that female mammals have chromosomes from both parents (from the father and from the mother) and all cells have the same inactivated X chromosome female mammals are considered to be mosaic <span>of the maternal and paternal cells.</span>
