By using the formula, mass = density x volume, we
calculate mass in grams
20.0 mL CH₃COOH x (1.05 g / mL) = 21.0
g CH₃COOH
To find the moles, molar mass of CH₃COOH = 60.05g/mol<span>
21.0 g </span>CH₃COOH x (1 mole CH₃COOH / 60.05 g CH₃COOH)
= 0.350 moles CH₃COOH
To find molarity,<span>
[</span>CH₃COOH] = moles CH₃COOH / L of solution = 0.350 /
1.40 = 0.250 M CH₃COOH<span>
When </span>CH₃COOH is dissolved in water, it produces
small and equal amounts of H₃O⁺+ and C₂H₃O₂⁻.
<span>
Molarity , </span>CH₃COOH<span> + H</span>₂O <==> H₃O⁺ + C₂H₃O₂⁻
<span>
<span>Initial 0.250 0 0 </span>
Change -x x x
Equilibrium 0.250-x x x
K</span>ₐ = [H₃O⁺][C₂H₃O₂⁻] / [HC₂H₃O₂] = (x)(x) /
(0.250-x) = 1.8 x 10⁻⁵
<span>Since K</span>ₐ is relatively small, we can neglect the -x
term after 0.250 to simplify
<span>x</span>² / 0.250 = 1.8 x 10⁻⁵
x² = 4.5 x 10⁻⁶
<span>
x = 2.1 x 10</span>⁻³<span> = [H</span>₃O⁺]
pH = -log [H₃O⁺] = -log (2.1 x 10⁻³) = 2.68
In order to calculate the final concentration of a dilution, it is important to memorise and remember the following equation:
C1V1/C2V2
Where:
C1 = Initial concentration
V1 = Initial volume
C2 = Final concentration
V2 = Final volume
We are given three of the four, and we are asked to calculate the final concentration in moles, so we may substitute these given values into our equation as follows:
C1V1 = C2V2
(2.00m)(50.0 mL) = (C2)(500mL)
100 = C2(500mL)
C2 = 0.2 m
In the final step, we simply divide 100 by 500 to get our final concentration value.
Because they are both broke apart over time
Answer:
Darwin had arrived at a complete theory of evolution by 1839, but it was to be another 20 years before he published his ideas of evolution through natural selection in his epochal book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
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