Question 1:
F(x) and g(x) are like variables, just plug into the equation.
f(x) + g(x) = (x + 6) + (12x - 7)
x+6+12x-7 = 13x-1
Question 2: f(3) + g(-1)
You plug in the x-values into the equation, and then take the answer and add them together.
f(3) = 3+4
g(-1) = 12(-1)-6
f(3) = 7
g(-1) = -18
7 + (-18) = -11
Question 3:
This is similar to question 1, plug in the variables and simplify.
9x - (7x+3)
Remember to distribute the "-"
9x - 7x - 3
2x - 3
A
this is a geometric sequence since there exists a common ratio r between the terms
r =
=
=
= 3
B
to obtain the next term in the sequence multiply the previous term by 3
= 3
← recursive rule
C
the n th term of a geometric sequence is
=

where
is the first term in the sequence
= 7 ×
← explicit rule
As per the problem
A jet flew for 2 hrs before strong head winds reduced its speed by 40 mph.
It took the plane 5 hrs to travel 1,380 miles
Total time=5 hrs, Time of fly before headwinds
,
Time of fly in headwinds
Let the speed before head winds 
Then speed in headwinds
As we know that

Hence using this formula and the given data we can write

Hence speed before flying into the headwinds=300mph