Question

What outcome did the Peloponnesian War have on ancient Greece?

Answer 1

The correct answer is C) weakened the power of Athens.

The Peloponnesian war happened in 431 to 404 BC between Athens and Sparta, it began because of the fear that Sparta had of the power and prosperity of Athens and lasted 27 years.

Athens began the war as the strongest city-state in Greece and at the end, Sparta took over the Athenian empire and reduced it to a state of near complete subjection and complete devastation of the city.

At the end Sparta was established as the leading power of Greece, thousands of Greeks died, Athens lost a third of its people and army. Despite that the war weakened the city-states for 50 years and Athens never recovered again.

Answer 2

C. Weakened the power of Athens.

The Peloponnesian Wars restricted the entire political structure of Ancient Greece and altered power relations within the city:states. The strongest city:state, Athens, was reduced to a state of dependence and lost its former glory. The focus of power was now shifted to Sparta, while Athens was crippled under the crushing economic effects of war.

Further Explanation:

The Peloponnesian Wars constituted a series of wars between Sparta and Athens from 431 to 404 BC, which resulted in a crushing defeat of the Athenian forces by the Spartans, destructing the naval supremacy of the Athenians. The effects of the wars reshaped the political and economic relations of the Greek city:states and undermined the peaceful methods of resolving a conflict between the city:states. The conflict between the Athenians and the Spartans paved the way for civil wars that would eventually break out among all city:states. The victory of Sparta and her allies showcased their military might in the Mediterranean basin while ending the political and naval hegemony of Athens. However, the Peloponnesian wars destroyed the carefully preserved unity among the city:states, making them prone to foreign invasions (Macedonian invasion of Greece). The democratic framework of Athens was overthrown and briefly taken over by the oligarchic government of Sparta. The Spartans helped to organize the rebellion against the democratic Athenian government and called the oligarchical government as the ‘Thirty Tyrants’ rule. Sparta emerged as the new naval power on the Ancient Greek political front. However, the political and military hegemony of Sparta would not last for long.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: History.

Chapter: A History of Ancient Greek civilization.

Keywords:

Peloponnesian wars, city: states, naval supremacy, democracy, oligarchy, Thirty Tyrants.