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3 years ago

When does long-term carbon cycling occur? Select all that apply.

Chemistry

1 answer:

aev [14]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

The long-term carbon cycle is the main controller of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and (along with the sulphur cycle) atmospheric oxygen over a geological timescale1,2. It can be represented succinctly by the generalized reactions3,4: Figure 1: A model of the long-term carbon cycle

A.When the animals die, they decompose, and their remains become sediment, trapping the stored carbon in layers that eventually turn into rock or minerals. Some of this sediment might form fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, which release carbon back into the atmosphere when the fuel is burned.

B.Cells use oxygen to "burn" food for energy. Water and carbon dioxide are produced as wastes. The cells in both plants and animals perform respiration. Carbon dioxide is also released into the atmosphere when fuels are burned, such as in automobiles or factories

Cells use oxygen to "burn" food for energy. Water and carbon dioxide are produced as wastes. The cells in both plants and animals perform respiration. Carbon dioxide is also released into the atmosphere when fuels are burned, such as in automobiles or factories

c.During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose

d.Fossil fuels are made from decomposing plants and animals. These fuels are found in the Earth's crust and contain carbon and hydrogen, which can be burned for energy. Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels.

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What is the first law of thermodynamics also known as?

andrey2020 [161]

Answer:

The answer is B) The law of conservation of energy.

Explanation:

This is the answer because energy cannot be created or be destroyed in a isolated system. The second law as well states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases.

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4 years ago

A chemist designs a galvanic cell that uses these two half-reactions:

Nonamiya [84]

Answer :

(a) Reaction at anode (oxidation) : $4Fe^{2+}\rightarrow 4Fe^{3+}+4e^-$

(b) Reaction at cathode (reduction) : $O_2+4H^++4e^-\rightarrow 2H_2O$

(c) $O_2+4H^++4Fe^{2+}\rightarrow 2H_2O+4Fe^{3+}$

(d) Yes, we have have enough information to calculate the cell voltage under standard conditions.

Explanation :

The half reaction will be:

Reaction at anode (oxidation) : $Fe^{2+}\rightarrow Fe^{3+}+e^-$ $E^0_{anode}=+0.771V$

Reaction at cathode (reduction) : $O_2+4H^++4e^-\rightarrow 2H_2O$ $E^0_{cathode}=+1.23V$

To balance the electrons we are multiplying oxidation reaction by 4 and then adding both the reaction, we get:

Part (a):

Reaction at anode (oxidation) : $4Fe^{2+}\rightarrow 4Fe^{3+}+4e^-$ $E^0_{anode}=+0.771V$

Part (b):

Reaction at cathode (reduction) : $O_2+4H^++4e^-\rightarrow 2H_2O$ $E^0_{cathode}=+1.23V$

Part (c):

The balanced cell reaction will be,

$O_2+4H^++4Fe^{2+}\rightarrow 2H_2O+4Fe^{3+}$

Part (d):

Now we have to calculate the standard electrode potential of the cell.

$E^o=E^o_{cathode}-E^o_{anode}$

$E^o=(1.23V)-(0.771V)=+0.459V$

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the standard electrode potential must be positive.

So, we have have enough information to calculate the cell voltage under standard conditions.

4 0

3 years ago

Explain in terms of atomic structure why the atomic radius of K is larger than that of Na

Lina20 [59]

Answer:

Potassium (K) has a larger average atomic radius (220 pm) than sodium (Na) does (180 pm). The potassium atom has an extra electron shell compared to the sodium atom, which means its valence electrons are further from the nucleus, giving potassium a larger atomic radius. The ionic radius increases in a particular group on moving from top to bottom due to increase in the principle energy shell though the number or electrons in the valence shell remain the same

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3 years ago

Fluoride ion is poisonous in relatively low amounts: 0.2 g of F- per 70 kg of body weight can cause death. Nevertheless, in orde

svetoff [14.1K]

Answer:

$\boxed{\text{(a) 14 L; (b) 711 kg}}$

Explanation:

(a) Litres of water

$\text{Mass of F}^{-} = 8.5 \times 10^{7}\text{ gal} \times \dfrac{\text{0.2 mg F}^{-}}{\text{1 kg}} = \textbf{14 mg F}^{-}\\\\\text{Volume of water} = \text{14 mg F}^{-} \times \dfrac{\text{1 L water}}{\text{1 mg F}^{-}} = \textbf{14 L water}\\\\\text{The person would have to consume $\boxed{\textbf{14 L}}$ of water per day}$

(b) Mass of NaF

$\text{Volume} =8.5 \times 10^{7} \text{gal} \times \dfrac{\text{3.785 L}}{\text{1 gal}} = 3.22 \times 10^{8}\text{ L}\\\\\text{Milligrams of F}^{-} = 3.22 \times 10^{8}\text{ L} \times \dfrac{\text{ 1 mg F}^{-}}{\text{1 L}} = 3.22 \times 10^{8}\text{ mg F}^{-}\\\\\text{kilograms of F}^{-} = 3.22 \times 10^{8}\text{ mg F}^{-} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mg F}^{-}}{10^{6}\text{kg F⁻}} = \text{322 kg F}^{-}$

1 kmol of NaF (41.99 kg) contains 19.00 kg of F⁻.

$\text{Kilograms of NaF}= \text{322 kg F}^{-} \times \dfrac{\text{41.99 kg NaF}}{\text{19.00 kg F}^{-}} = \text{711 kg NaF}\\\\\text{It will take } \boxed{\textbf{711 kg}} \text{ of NaF to treat the reservoir}$

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Increasing the temperature increase the rate of a reaction by doing which of the following

posledela

Answer:

Increase in temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the reactant molecules, hence lowering the activation energy of the reaction.

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3 years ago