They both derive from latin
The answer is: The "Beltway mentality" is a desired goal of every presidential administration.
The "Beltway mentality is an American idiom used to describe matters that are important to interest groups such as officials of the U.S. federal government, lobbyists, and the corporate media. All these groups are found within an imaginary beltway around Washington DC. If a president´s goal were to act with a Beltway mentality he would not tend to the needs of the population beyond this beltway, therefore this would not be desirable.
When Joseph sees a frail man limping around the corner he owns, he will likely help if the costs of helping are small and Joseph will feel better about himself helping.
Helping someone in need corresponds to a form of empathy and altruism, which is based on the moral emotions we feel when we see a person in a situation that we have the ability to help.
According to the theory of social exchange, altruism only exists if the benefits to the helper outweigh the cost, so supported by this theory, the letter b is correct, and Joseph will help the man if the costs of helping are small.
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C) Farmers and the working class.
He would most likely to support the causes of that.