Answer:
The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev was elected as Secretary General of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, becoming the Soviet leader. Gorbachev found out that the Soviet economy was going through hard times, affected by inefficiency, low productivity, low quality goods, and excessive bureaucracy. He sought to reform the centrally planned economy by adopting some market mechanisms, which he felt would improve efficiency and alleviate some of the worst bottlenecks of the system. Gorbachev deemed this series of reforms <em>perestroika</em>, or "restructuring" in Russian.
Gorbachev felt that in order to better tackle the problems of the country, open discussion of said problems was necessary. To this end, he also pushed forward glasnost ("openness"), which gave more freedom of expression. However, the new openness led to open talk about topics which were formerly considered forbidden or taboo, like nationalism, multiparty elections, or replacing the the socialist system with a capitalist one. Eventually, the ideas of glasnost spread all over the Eastern European socialist bloc, which led to the restoration of capitalism in these countries by the late 1980s - early 1990s. The Soviet Union itself was dissolved on 25 December, 1991.
Given this historical example, <u>while giving more economic freedom and allowing some market mechanisms in a socialist economy could be beneficial, this could be seen as the ruling communist party loosening its power, which could lead to a political movement against the communist government.</u>
Maybe socializing can throw horizontal relationships out of balance.
Explanation:
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Answer: The War Powers Resolution
Detail:
Passed in 1973 over the veto of President Richard Nixon, the War Powers Resolution (its official name) blocks presidents from continuing the pursuance of a war without Congress's approval. This was a way of curtailing the authority of presidents to increase involvement in the war, which had begun with the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution during the Johnson presidency.
The War Powers Resolution requires the President of the United States to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to any military action. Armed forces cannot remain deployed for more than 60 days (plus a 30-day withdrawal period), unless Congress authorizes the use of military force or enacts a declaration of war.
In practice, since its passage, the War Powers Resolution has at times been sidestepped by presidents. The US Constitution leaves some tension in place between the legislative and executive branch when it comes to the country's involvement in war. Article I of the Constitution gives Congress the power to declare war. But Article II names the President the Commander-in-Chief, and presidents frequently have understood that role as containing the authority to deploy US forces without first getting congressional approval. The War Powers Resolution has been an ongoing point of controversy, as US forces have been sent into all sorts of conflict zones in the 21st century without formal declarations of war.
Answer:
United States v. Windsor legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.
Explanation:
Although the United States v. Windsor case in 2013, represents a landmark on civil rights, that set the focus on civil rights for married same-sex couples, and set a precedent for the later legalization of these unions, it did not legalize same-sex marriage in the United States.
It was the Obergefell v. Hodges case, in 2015, in which the Supreme Court ruled that the right to marry was a fundamental right that should be guaranteed for same sex couples, requiring all fifty states to perform and recognize same-sex marriage.
