Okay First off what are the problems and what are the hardest ones?
Answer:
Energy Metabolism
Explanation:
In order to a living cell you need to be able to reproduce, have energy metabolism, etc.
I believe the answer is comparative anatomy. It is the study of the similarities and differences in the structures of different species. Similar body parts may be homologies or analogies, such that both provide evidence of evolution. Similarities in embryos are evidence of common ancestry. For example all vertebrates embryos have gill slits and tails.