A mass extinction event occurs when a species disappears far more quickly than it is replaced. This is typically understood as the loss of around 75% of all species over a "short" period of geological time, or fewer than 2.8 million years.
An enormous number of species were wiped out by a harsh, worldwide, swift, and selective event is mass extinction. According to marine fossils, at least 75% of all species are thought to have become extinct. The most recent mass extinction is the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event, which is also the only one that can be proven to have been caused by a significant asteroid impact. All non-avian dinosaur species, making up about 76 percent of all species on the earth, perished during mass extinction. The Chicxulub asteroid impact in what is now Mexico, which occurred 66 million years ago, caused an ecosystem collapse that resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs and >75% of all land and sea species as well as the macroevolution of mammals.
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Answer:
the fact that rod functioning predominates during dark adaptation, therefore poor acuity
Explanation:
- Rods and cones are the photoreceptor cells present in the eye that perform the function of converting the light received into signals that stimulate the biological processes.
- Out of the rods and cones, the rods are more sensitive and they are so sensitive that they can be activated even under low light conditions.
- However the cones can be stimulated only under bright light conditions, but the visual acuity is higher for the cones as compared to the rods.
- <em>Therefore under conditions of dim light, the rods are activated and hence it results in a poor visual acuity and a person experiences difficulty in reading. </em>
Keratinocytes are differentiated skin cells found in the outermost layer of the epidermis. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that play important roles in the adaptive immune response.
- In addition to keratinocytes, the <em>stratum spinosum</em> also contains another epidermal cell type called epidermal DENDRITIC cells that help to fight infection.
- The s<em>tratum spinosum</em><em> </em>is an epidermal skin layer between the <em>stratum granulosum </em>and<em> stratum basale</em>.
- Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that are capable of processing harmful antigens in order to present them on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system.
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Answer:
example of active transport is the sodium-potassium pump, which moves sodium ions to the outside of the cell and potassium ions to the inside of the cell.
