The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can say the following.
Damascus, Baghdad, and Cordoba were important Muslim cities during the Middle Ages. Which of these contributed most to its growth?
Answer: historians consider that Cordoba contributed in many ways to the development of the Muslim Golden Age.
Cordoba was already a modern city in the Middle Ages because the Romans had constructed the kind of infrastructure to make Cordoba one of the most modern cities of its time in medieval times. So when Muslims captured Cordoba, they found that Cordoba with good roads, aqueducts, brides that facilitated heavy transportation, and trade markets where merchants sold their crops such as grapes, grains, and olives.
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The antigen's foreignness is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering an antigen.
An antigen in immunology is a molecule, molecular structure, foreign particle, pollen grain, etc. that may attach to a particular antibody or T-cell receptor. Antigens within the body may cause an immunological response.
Antigens are outside elements. Normally, the body's defence cells don't react to molecules that belong to it (self antigen). A substance's antigenicity is often correlated with its foreignness . When compared to antigen from other members of the same species, it is less antigenic.
A foreign substance must make up the immunogen. Only substances that are not normally found in the body or exposed to the cells of the particular immune system trigger immune reactions. The immune system will distinguish between "self" and "non-self" in normal circumstances.
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What is Longitudinal Study?
In a longitudinal study, the same subjects are periodically examined to look for any changes that might happen over time.
In longitudinal studies, a sort of correlational research, researchers watch and gather information on numerous factors without attempting to change them.
The other social or medical sciences may also use longitudinal research, though these fields use them most frequently in epidemiology, economics, and medicine.
A longitudinal research can be conducted over any period of time as long as participants are repeatedly examined. They can last anywhere between a few weeks and several decades. They often endure at least a year, and frequently several.
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