Observing behavior in real-world settings and making no effort to manipulate or control the situation is known as naturalistic observation. It is a research method that is most used by psychologists which they observe their test subjects in thir natural habitat without changing any parameter.
The crusades helped to solidify Europe as a colonial power, uprooted traditional.governmental systems, forced Christianity on many indigenous people, and allowed the Church and the kings an unbalanced control throughout Europe over both the political and economic well-being of the continent.
Answer:
Pavlov's theory of stimulus substitution is the combination of several techniques that are called the spectrum of the umbrella in classical conditioning. It occurs with the pairing with the new stimulus to the already conditioned stimulus. When this procedure occurs new stimulus paired with the conditioned stimulus, there are chances of replacing already conditioned stimulus with a new stimulus.
We can take an example of a rat that is to be conditioned to respond to a whistle which related to fed then can add a flashlight as a signal with a whistle. When light is there then rat fed. The light signal is then substituted part of the whistle.
I would think its the curves demand
