Answer:
Flow of Energy can be explained by means of two models namely: single channel energy model and Y-shaped energy model.
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Answer: Option C is false.
Explanation:
Hydrolysis is the breakdown of compounds(polymers) into simpler substances(monomers) using water. Monomers on the other hand are joined together by a process called dehydration synthesis or polymerization, where the hydroxyl group of one monomer binds to the other, forming a covalent bond.
Answer:
the anwer is distance option a or 1
Answer:
Amniocentesis is an invasive method that involves the aspiration of 10-20 ml of fetal water through the abdominal wall under ultrasound-guided control. In most cases, the procedure is performed around the 16th week of gestation. The fetal water sample contains fetal cells, mostly cells of fetal skin and the epithelium of the urinary tract.
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) biopsy is performed between weeks 11 and 12 of gestation. During biopsy, with ultrasound guidance, the tissue of the chorionic fossa is aspirated mainly across the abdomen (transabdominal pathway). The biopsy specimen is of fetal origin and belongs to the outer layer of blastocyst cells or the trophoblast (outer layer of the placenta). Very often, the biopsy specimen contains tissue of the decidua (mucous membrane of the uterus) that is of maternal origin, and it is necessary to remove the maternal tissue before any treatment of the sample.
Explanation:
The amniocentesis procedure carries a risk of miscarriage of 0.5-1%. After aspiration of the fruit of the water, the sample is centrifuged to separate the cells from the amniotic fluid. Separate cells are seeded on a nutrient medium (cell culture) that stimulates cell growth. After about 14 days, the cell culture is further used for various genetic or biochemical analyzes such as karyotyping.
The advantage of chorionic biopsy is the amount of biological material, which is sufficient for the whole a number of different laboratory procedures. Also, a great advantage is the timing of the procedure as it allows diagnosis in the first trimester of pregnancy, but the chorionic biopsy procedure itself carries a risk of miscarriage of 1-2%.
Hardy-Weinberg Equation (HW) states that following certain biological tenets or requirements, the total frequency of all homozygous dominant alleles (p) and the total frequency of all homozygous recessive alleles (q) for a gene, account for the total # of alleles for that gene in that HW population, which is 100% or 1.00 as a decimel. So in short: p + q = 1, and additionally (p+q)^2 = 1^2, or 1
So (p+q)(p+q) algebraically works out to p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1, where p^2 = genotype frequency of homozygous dominant individuals, 2pq = genotype frequency of heterozygous individuals, and q^2 = genotype frequency of homozygous recessive individuals.
The problem states that Ptotal = 150 individuals, H frequency (p) = 0.2, and h frequency (q) = 0.8.
So homozygous dominant individuals (HH) = p^2 = (0.2)^2 = 0.04 or 4% of 150 --> 6 people
Heterozygous individuals (Hh) = 2pq = 2(0.2)(0.8) = 0.32 or 32% of 150
--> 48 people
And homozygous recessive individuals (hh) = q^2 = (0.8)^2 = 0.64 = 64% of 150 --> 96 people
Hope that helps you to understand how to solve these types of population genetics problems!
