Answer:
p = 0.07
p-hat = 0.035
p0 = 0.07
p-value = 0.003
Step-by-step explanation:
p = population parameter, in this case, the rate of infestations across all trees in the forest
p-hat = test statistic, in this case, the rate of infestations found in the sample of trees, i.e. those in Doug's backyard
p0 = the null hypothesis, in this case, the rate of infestations within the forest is correctly evaluated at 0.07 or 7%
p-value = the likelihood any difference between p and p-hat is down to chance
In this case 0.003 as the p-value means there is only 0.3% probability of our statistic value of 0.035 being down to variability and chance meaning it is 99.7% likely that there is some reason behind this difference;
We would accept the alternative hypothesis which says the current parameter value, 0.07, is in fact incorrect (either too high or too low, in this case, likely too high).
