I don’t understand how to do this

How would the pH value of an aqueous solution change, when the hydronium ion concentration is increased by a factor of 10?

Anna71 [15]

Answer:

Increasing H⁺ by 10x => pH decreases by 1 unit

Explanation:

In general, adding H⁺ ions to any aqueous solution ALWAYS causes pH values to fall ( decrease ). Just as adding OH⁻ ions to an aqueous solution causes pH values to rise ( increase ).

Here's a simple calculation demonstrating this...

Given 0.01M HCl(aq) => 0.01M H⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) => pH = -log(0.01) = 2.00

Increase [H⁺] by 10x => 0.10M H⁺(aq) => pH = -log[H⁺] = -log(0.10) = 1.00

Solution with higher H⁺ concentration shows pH decreasing by 1 unit.

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Just to support the above statement about adding OH⁻ ions showing an increase in pH values, the following is also provided FYI ..

Given 0.01M NaOH(aq) => 0.01M OH⁻(aq) + Na⁺(aq) => pOH = -log(0.01) = 2.00 => pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 2 = 12

Increase [OH⁻] by 10x => 0.10M OH⁻(aq) => pOH = -log[OH⁻] = -log(0.10) = 1.00 => pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1 = 13

Increasing [OH⁻] by 10x => increasing pH by 1 unit.

Solution with higher H⁺ concentration shows pH decreasing by 1 unit.

______________________________________________________

Remember, for any aqueous solution ...

=> Adding H⁺ => always decreases pH

=> Adding OH⁻ => always increases pH

4 0

3 years ago

What is the wavelength of radio waves? Which statement is true for a cooling curve? A. It shows how the temperature of the subst

ladessa [460]

Answer:

Most radio waves have wavelengths between 1 mm and 100 km.

A cooling curve shows A. how the temperature of a substance falls as heat is removed.

Explanation:

Radio waves are the longest of all the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.

Most have wavelengths between 1 mm and 100 km, although there is no upper limit.

Some radio waves have wavelengths of 10 000 km.

A cooling curve (see image below) shows how the temperature of a substance falls as it is cooled.

In Option E., a decrease in temperature would cause an energy loss.

Options B., C., and D. involve the addition of heat.

5 0

3 years ago

Describe your understanding of atoms and their subatomatic particles

docker41 [41]

Answer:

Atom is the building block of matter. The atom itself made up of subatomic particles electron, proton and neutron.

Explanation:

Long time ago, Greek philosopher thoughts that matter can be divided into smaller particles until a point is reached when the basic unit is obtained which can not be further sub divided. A Greek philosopher Democritus called these basic units "Atom".

Later on modern research showed that atom could be divided into smaller particles electron, proton and neutron. These smaller particles are called sub-atomic particles of atom.

Atoms are the fundamental unit of matter. Every thing in the universe that occupy space and have mass is called matter. we can say that every matter is composed of atoms. while the atom is composed of subatomic particles called electron proton and neutron.

Electron:

The electron is subatomic particle that revolve around outside the nucleus and has negligible mass. It has a negative charge.

Symbol = e-

Mass= 9.10938356×10-31 Kg

It was discovered by j. j. Thomson in 1897 during the study of cathode ray properties.

Proton and Neutron:

An atom consist of positively charged central core (nucleus) that is made up of Proton and neutron. Proton has positive charge while neutron is electrically neutral. Proton is discovered by Rutherford while neutron is discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.

Symbol of proton= P+

Symbol of neutron= n0

Mass of proton=1.672623×10-27 Kg

Mass of neutron=1.674929×10-27 Kg

All these three subatomic particles construct an atom. A neutral atom have equal number of proton and electron. In other words we can say that negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude and cancel the each other. For example if neutral atom has 6 protons than it must have 6 electrons.

3 0

3 years ago

Name the types of radiation known to be emitted by radioactive elements.

nikitadnepr [17]

Answer : The types of radiation known to be emitted by radioactive elements are, alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.

Explanation :

Radioactive decay : It the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting the radiations like, alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.

The naturally occurring radioactive elements are, radium, thorium, and uranium.

Alpha particle : It is also known as alpha radiation or alpha ray that consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons that are bound together into a particle that is identical to the helium nucleus. It is produced in the process of alpha decay.

Beta particle : It is also known as beta radiation or beta ray. During the beta decay process, a high energy and speed electron or positron are emitted by the radioactive decay of atomic nucleus.

Gamma particle : It is also a gamma radiation or gamma ray that is arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. It has shortest wavelength waves and imparts high photon energy can pass through most forms of matters because they have no mass.

3 0

2 years ago

Which factor can increase a population rate

Hatshy [7]

Answer:

Factors that cause population growth include increased food production, improved health care services, immigration and high birth rate. These factors have led to overpopulation, which has more negative effects than positive impacts. The world population today is over 7 billion and the number is increasing with each passing year.

Hope this helps!

4 0

3 years ago