Answer:
a) The equation describes the relationship between p and q is p + q = 1 for allelic frequencies
b) The frequencies of alleles A1 in decimals is 0.7 and in percents is 70%.
The frequencies of alleles A2 in decimals is 0.3 and in percents is 30%.
Explanation:
According to Hardy-Weinberg, the allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q, referring to the allelic dominant or recessive forms. The genotypic frequencies after one generation are p² (Homozygous dominant), 2pq (Heterozygous), q² (Homozygous recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same allelic frequencies generation after generation. The sum of these allelic frequencies equals 1, this is p + q = 1.
In the same way, the sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1, this is
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Being
- p the dominant allelic frequency,
- q the recessive allelic frequency,
- p²the homozygous dominant genotypic frequency
- q² the homozygous recessive genotypic frequency
- 2pq the heterozygous genotypic frequency
In the exposed example,
- A1 codes for purple leaves, has a frequency of 0.7 and is dominant.
- A2 codes for white leaves, has a frequency of 0.3 and is recessive.
According to this equation: p + q = 1.
0.7 + 0.3 = 1
A1A1= p²= 0.7² = 0.49
A2A2= q² = 0.3² = 0.09
A1A2 = 2pq = 2 x 0.7 x 0.3 = 0.42
According to this equation: p² + 2pq + q² = 1
0.49 + 0.42 + 0.09 = 1
- The frequencies of alleles A1 in decimals is 0.7 and in percents is 70%.
- The frequencies of alleles A2 in decimals is 0.3 and in percents is 30%.
Answer:
Ectomorphs (tall and thin)
Mesomorphs (shorter and muscular)
Endormorphs (apple or pear-shaped)
Explanation:
Knowledge of earth system in order to protect, understand and develop research methods.
Answer:
The correct answer is option B, that is, promoter, operator, gene.
Explanation:
In a prokaryote, just in front of the operator, the promoter is located, and just in front of the structural genes, the operator is located. All these in combination give rise to an operon.
Any gene, which codes for an enzyme or a structural protein is termed as a structural gene, in the lac operon, a structural gene codes for three distinct kinds of enzymes. A short sequence of DNA is situated just in front of the structural gene, which is known as the operator. An operator functions as a switch for transcription, that is, it monitors whether the process of transcription will take place or not.
Just in front of an operator, a sequence of a promoter is present, and for the transcription and translation of all the structural genes, the RNA polymerase needs to combine first with the promoter. In case, if no transcription is to take place, then the operator allows the repressor to bind with it and prevent the attachment of RNA polymerase with the promoter. Hence, the correct sequence of a prokaryotic operon is a promoter, operator, and gene.
