Answer: they damage proteins and DNA
<span>Oxidative stress and other cell processes induce the formation of highly reactive aldehydes that react directly with DNA of a microbial organism, forming aldehyde-derived DNA </span>adducts lead to proteins and DNA damage. DNA damage causes deregulation of cell homeostasis and thus contributes to the disease phenotype.
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I think that for 1 it’s either A or B as the kidneys and everything get air and the lungs release it.
For 2 is probably D as the others don’t really make much sense.
Answer:
Stomach mucus protects the gastrointestinal cells from the damage that gastric juices can cause. Gastric juices are very acidic and without the mucus, the acid can destroy the cells and tissues inside the stomach.
The foreign molecule that activates the immune system are Antigens.
