Answer:
Part a)

Part b)

Part d)
As we know that due to induction of charge there will be same charge appear on the inner and outer surface of the cylinder but the sign of the charge must be different
On the inner side of the cylinder there will be negative charge induce on the inner surface and on the outer surface of the cylinder there will be same magnitude charge with positive sign.
Explanation:
Part a)
By Guass law we know that



Part b)
Outside the outer cylinder we will again use Guass law



Part d)
As we know that due to induction of charge there will be same charge appear on the inner and outer surface of the cylinder but the sign of the charge must be different
On the inner side of the cylinder there will be negative charge induce on the inner surface and on the outer surface of the cylinder there will be same magnitude charge with positive sign.
If a volcano epulses massive amounts of dust into the atmosphere, those two things will/can happen.
The events will last until the dust lays down on the earth.
The one that would explain why the two groups of scientists got different results is :
They had different specialties and interpreted their data differently
Probably one analyze it with x theory and the other use y theory
hope this helps
For the first part of this question, consider that "weight" can be described as mass x acceleration of gravity. Weight is expressed in Newtons. To solve for mass in this case, simply divide 9800N by 9.8m/s^2 (Earth's gravitational acceleration). This will give you a mass of 1000 kg. This mass is moved due to the net force supplied by the normal force from the rocket "pushing" off of Earth.
For the second part, we will use the equation F = ma, which is Newton's second law. For this, we know the m, or mass, is 1000 kg. Also, we know the a, or acceleration, will be 4 m/s^2. To solve for force, we will multiply both of these values. This gives a force of 4000 N. I hope this clears things up!