Easy ones! giving brainly if correct. answering both questions would be nice

What does this do to the electrons outside the nucleus in the gaseous atoms

AleksandrR [38]

Answer:

Explanation:

As you know, ionization energy is the energy needed to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms in the gaseous state

X

+

energy

→

X

+

e

−

Right from the start, you can tell that the harder it is to remove an electron from an atom, the higher the ionization energy will be.

Now, the periodic trends for ionization energy can be describe as follows

ionization energy increases as you move from left to right across a period

ionization energy decreases as you go down a group

As you mentioned, if you compare the first ionization energies for oxygen and chlorine using these two trends, you will get conflicting results.

If you follow the way ionization energy increases across period, chlorine would have a higher ionization energy, since it's closer to the noble gases.

On the other hand, if you go by how ionziation energy decreases from top to bottom in a group, oxygen would have higher ionization energy, since it's located in period 2, as compared with period 3 for chlorine.

As it turns out, the trend for groups overpowers the trend for periods. As aresult, oxygen will have a higher ionization energy than chlorine.

This happens because the smaller oxygen atom has its outermost electrons held tighter by the nucleus. By comparison, chlorine's outermost atoms are located further away from the nucleus.

Not only that, but they are screened from the charge of the nucleus better, since they're located on the third energy level.

Oxygen's outermost electrons are screened by

2

electrons, while chlorine's are screened by

8

electrons.

All these factors will make chlorine's outermost electrons a little easier to remove, which implies a smaller ionization energy than that of oxygen.v

6 0

3 years ago

CAN SOMEONE REWRITE/SHORTEN THIS FOR ME PLEASE? I'LL GIVE BRAINLIEST

Alex17521 [72]

Answer:

Here you go! 50% of your writing piece

Explanation:

Foods produced from or using GM organisms are often referred to as GM foods.

GM foods are developed and marketed because there is some advantage either to the producer or consumer of these GM foods. GM seed developers wanted their products to be accepted by producers and have concentrated on innovations that bring direct benefit to farmers and generally the food industry.

One objective for developing plants based on GM organisms is to improve crop protection. The GM crops currently on the market are mainly aimed at an increased level of crop protection through the introduction of resistance against plant diseases caused by insects or viruses or through increased tolerance towards herbicides.

Resistance against insects is achieved by incorporating into the food plant the gene for toxin production from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. GM crops that inherently produce this toxin have been shown to require lower quantities of insecticides in specific situations, where pest pressure is high.

7 0

3 years ago

What does the atomic number of each atom represent?

saw5 [17]

It's the number of Protons of that atom..

6 0

3 years ago

Convert 2 butanol to 2 nitrobutane

Wewaii [24]

The conversion of 2 - butanol to 2 - nitrobutane involves conversion of 2 butanol to 2 - bromobutane and subsequently to 2 - nitrobutane.

In order to convert 2 - butanol to 2 - nitrobutane, an SN2 reaction is first carried out in which 2 - butanol is converted to 2 - bromobutane. This reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at the chiral carbon as expected.

This product is subsequently reacted with silver nitrite in ethanol to yield 2 - nitrobutane along side silver bromide. Some alkyl nitrite is also produced as a by product. The components of the mixture are separated by fractional distillation. The scheme of the reaction is shown in the image attached to this answer. This reaction is only applied to primary and secondary alkyl halides.

Learn more: brainly.com/question/10079361

3 0

3 years ago

What is the density of an<br> object that has a mass of<br> 120 g and volume of 5 ml?

Viktor [21]

The density of an object ρ = 24 g/ml

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Given

mass of an object = 120 g

volume = 5 ml

Required

The density

Solution

Density is a quantity derived from the mass and volume

Density is the ratio of mass per unit volume

Density formula:

$\large {\boxed {\bold {\rho ~ = ~ \frac {m} {V}}}}$

ρ = density

m = mass

v = volume

Input the value :

ρ = 120 g : 5 ml

ρ = 24 g/ml

3 0

3 years ago

Easy ones! giving brainly if correct. answering both questions would be nice​

Easy ones! giving brainly if correct. answering both questions would be nice