Answer:
Europeans were barred from trading with Asian countries until they agreed to pay Middle Eastern “toll” fees for using their land passages.
Explanation:
ANSWER Importance of Controlled Variables
Lack of awareness of control variables can lead to faulty results or what are called "confounding variables." Additionally, noting control variables makes it easier to reproduce an experiment and establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
The expressed powers are powers which are explicitly mentioned (typically in the constitution) and the implied powers are generally the powers that are needed to fulfill the obligations or to use the expressed powers, but which are not explicitly mentioned anywhere. Therefore the correct answer is:
b. implied powers are generally agreed upon and express powers are written in the Constitution
they derive from the right of congress to make all laws neccessary and proper, to carry out its enumerated powers.