Answer:
Hello!
A macromolecule is a very large molecule... that doesn't sound very accurate does it? Well let me explain:
The prefix macro means large, the opposite of micro, which means small! Therefore macromolecule simply means large molecule. That's great, but you probably still have no idea what it actually is, so let me explain:
Many macromolecules are polymers of smaller molecules called monomers.
There are four types of macromolecules: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Those four types of macromolecules are all made up of different monomers(The small building unit, for example: a single lego is a monomer for a lego castle)
In case you're curious, here is a more detailed explanation of those 4 types of macromolecules:
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are polymers of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Carbohydrates are found in starch, fruits, vegetables, milk, and sugars. They are an important source of a healthy diet.
Nucleic Acids
The nucleic acids include DNA and RNA that are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleotides comprise a pentose group, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base group. All the hereditary information is stored in the DNA. The DNA synthesized into RNA and proteins.
Proteins
Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. These include the carboxylic and the amino group. There would be no lipids or carbohydrates without proteins because the enzymes used for their synthesis are proteins themselves.
Lipids
Lipids are a hydrophobic set of macromolecules, i.e., they do not dissolve in water. These involve triglycerides, carotenoids, phospholipids, and steroids. They help in the formation of the cell membrane, formation of hormones and in the and as stored fuel.
Hopefully you found this helpful, please do ask any questions you have in the comment section below, I'll be more than happy to answer them!
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