Answer:
Kf = [[Hg(NH₃)₄]²⁺] / [Hg²⁺] [NH₃]⁴
Last step: [Hg(NH₃)₃]²⁺ + NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)₄]²⁺(aq)
Explanation:
When the Hg²⁺ ion is in presence of ammonia molecules in an aqueous solution, the tetrahydrated complex is formed, following the equilibriums:
Hg²⁺(aq) + NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)]²⁺(aq) K₁
[Hg(NH₃)]²⁺ + NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)₂]²⁺(aq) K₂
[Hg(NH₃)₂]²⁺ + NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)₃]²⁺(aq) K₃
<em>[Hg(NH₃)₃]²⁺ + NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)₄]²⁺(aq) </em> K₄ → Last step.
Global reaction is:
Hg²⁺(aq) + 4 NH₃(aq) ⇄ [Hg(NH₃)₄]²⁺(aq)
And Kf is defined as:
<em>Kf = [[Hg(NH₃)₄]²⁺] / [Hg²⁺] [NH₃]⁴</em>
Answer:
Orbitals
Shells
Energy Levels
Explanation:
Elements in the same period will have the same energy levels which is the same as orbitals and shells.
- The period of an element indicates the energy level in an atom.
- Elements in period 1 will have one energy level or shell or orbitals.
- Down a group this is not the case.
- The energy level increases from top to bottom.
- As we go down the group, we are transiting from one period to another.
Answer:
Mountainous roads are winding and gently sloping in order to reduce the effect of steepness which causes more downward gravitational pull to the vehicles on it. A steeper sloped road would slow the car down to a greater extent that an gently sloping one.