Answer:
The specific governmental structure that is established in each State constitution varies depending on the state. However, in general, each State constitution establishes the basic structure of the state government, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Additionally, each State constitution establishes the powers and duties of the state government, as well as the rights of the people.
INTERESTS PROTECTED
The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides that "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." The ultimate goal of this provision is to protect people’s right to privacy and freedom from unreasonable intrusions by the government. However, the Fourth Amendment does not guarantee protection from all searches and seizures, but only those done by the government and deemed unreasonable under the law. To claim violation of Fourth Amendment as the basis for suppressing a relevant evidence, the court had long required that the claimant must prove that he himself was the victim of an invasion of privacy to have a valid standing to claim protection under the Fourth Amendment. However, the Supreme Court has departed from such requirement, issue of exclusion is to be determined solely upon a resolution of the substantive question whether the claimant's Fourth Amendment rights have been violated, which in turn requires that the claimant demonstrates a justifiable expectation of privacy, which was arbitrarily violated by the government. In general, most warrantless searches of private premises are prohibited under the Fourth Amendment, unless specific exception applies. For instance, a warrantless search may be lawful, if an officer has asked and is given consent to search; if the search is incident to a lawful arrest; if there is probable cause to search and there is exigent circumstance calling for the warrantless search. Exigent circumstances exist in situations where a situation where people are in imminent danger, where evidence faces imminent destruction, or prior to a suspect's imminent escape. On the other hand, warrantless search and seizure of properties are not illegal, if the objects being searched are in plain view. Further, warrantless seizure of abandoned property, or of properties on an open field do not violate Fourth Amendment, because it is considered that having expectation of privacy right to an abandoned property or to properties on an open field is not reasonable. However, in some states, there are some exception to this limitation, where some state authorities have granted protection to open fields. States can always establish higher standards for searches and seizures protection than what is required by the Fourth Amendment, but states cannot allow conducts that violate the Fourth Amendment. Where there was a violation of one’s fourth amendment rights by federal officials, A bivens action can be filed against federal law enforcement officials for damages, resulting from an unlawful search and seizure. Under the Bivens action, the claimant needs to prove that there has been a constitutional violation of the fourth amendment rights by federal officials acting under the color of law. However, the protection under the Fourth Amendment can be waived if one voluntarily consents to or does not object to evidence collected during a warrantless search or seizure.
Answer:
Hi
Serving: (a) In general. The process, which does not include a subpoena under Rule 4 or a subpoena under Rule 45, must be delivered by a United States marshal or a marshal deputy or by a person specially designated for that purpose, within the territorial limits of the state where the district court is located and, if authorized by federal statute, beyond those limits.
(b) Compliance with orders: Commitment of civil contempt. An order that commits a person for civil contempt of a decree can be delivered and executed in any district. Any other order in a civil contempt process can be delivered only in the state where the issuing court is located or in another place in the United States within 100 miles of where the order was issued.
Summons: (1) Content. A subpoena must: (A) name of the court and the parties; (B) be directed to the accused; (C) indicate the name and address of the plaintiff's lawyer or, if not indicated, of the plaintiff; (D) indicate the time within which the accused must appear and defend himself; (E) notify the defendant that the lack of appearance and defense may result in a default trial against the defendant for the compensation required in the complaint; (F) must be signed by the secretary; (G) that bears the seal of the court.
Subpoena: (a) In general. (1) Form and content. (A) Requirements: in general. Each citation must: (i) indicate the court from which it issued; (ii) indicate the title of the action and its civil action number; (iii) order each person to be told to do a specific time and place: attend and testify; produce designated documents, electronically stored information or tangible things in possession, custody or control of that person; or allow the inspection of premises; and (iv) establish the text of Rule 45 (d)
Consult the standard in https://www.law.cornell.edu/rules/frcp
Explanation:
Answer:
The Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It spells out Americans’ rights in relation to their government. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like freedom of speech, press, and religion.
Explanation:
Answer:
B. giving full attention to something else.
Explanation:
A distraction is something that prevents someone from giving full attention to something else. You must give your full attention to things in life, otherwise it seems like you don't care.
