The approach suggest that a firm's cost of retained earnings can be estimated by adding a risk premium of 3% to 5% points to the before-tax interest rate on the firm's own long-term debt.
The bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach does assumes that cost of equity is closely related to the firm's cost of debt.
- The premium approach does help to determine the value of an assetof a company's such as its traded equity.
However, the approach suggest that a firm's cost of retained earnings can be estimated by adding a risk premium of 3% to 5% points to the before-tax interest rate on the firm's own long-term debt.
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Flexible exchange rate systems are calculated according to supply and demand. Every currency decides the type of exchange rate arrangement to uphold.
The answer is<u> "An experiment."</u>
An experiment refers to a controlled study in which the scientist endeavors to comprehend circumstances and end results connections. The examination is "controlled" as in the analyst controls (1) how subjects are relegated to gatherings and (2) which medicines each gathering gets.
In the analysis stage, the specialist thinks about gathering scores on some reliant variable. In view of the investigation, the scientist makes an inference about whether the treatment (independent variable) causally affected the dependent variable.
Answer:
The dividend payable to the cumulative preferred stock holers in 2021 is $11,550 while the amount payable to common stock holders is $1,450.
Explanation:
Cumulative preferred stock dividends accrue and becomes payable when the reporting entity has favourable cash flows. Rachael Designs plans to make payment of $13,000 dividends in 2021. As the annual cumulative preferred dividend is $3,850 (1,100 shares x $50 x 7%), the amount due over three years will be $3,850 x 3 whcih is $11,550. Thus, out of the proposed cash outflow of $13,000, the amount of $11,550 will be paid to cumulative preferred stock holders while only $1,450 will be paid to the common stock holders.
