A ruler can be used to measure the distance an object has moved
Answer:
a new model of the atom that describe electrons as being in a cloud
Explanation:
First, you have to know the chemical formula of ozone and oxygen gas. Oxygen gas is O₂; it is one of the few gases that are diatomic in nature. The chemical formula of ozone is O₃. In oxygen gas, there are 2 particles of the oxygen element, while there are 3 particles for the ozone. There might be a slight difference but this induces a great difference in their properties. Oxygen is essential to living things because this is the gas that we breathe in. However, ozone is not safe to breathe in. It is a very strong oxidizing agent, almost 4 times as strong as the oxygen. Its main function is to block the UV rays from entering the Earth's atmosphere which can be harmful to our health.
Having known their chemical formula and properties, we know that an oxygen gas has 2 particles of oxygen element. So, if there are 24 particles of oxygen gas, that would mean 48 particles of the oxygen element. Since an ozone compound contains 3 particles of the oxygen element, then 48/3 = 16. It would take 16 particles of ozone to form 24 particles of the oxygen gas.
H₂O + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻
You use two single-barbed arrows pointing in opposite directions (technically rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon) <em>to indicate a reversible reactio</em>n.
Answer:
The electrophile is the hydroxide free radical
Explanation:
The hydroxylation of benzene and benzene derivatives using hydrogen peroxide proceeds in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The electrophile in this reaction is the hydroxyl free radical generated in an initial step of the reaction.
This is actually a free radical reaction. The hydroxyl radical previously generated reacts with the benzene ring to yield a radical that undergoes further rearrangement to yield the product phenol. The intermediate, shown as part of this reaction mechanism (refer to image attached) is a specie in which the odd electron is delocalized over the entire benzene ring. Loss of a proton completes the reaction mechanism yielding the corresponding phenol.
