Answer:Carbon has four valence electrons, so it can achieve a full outer energy level by forming four covalent bonds. When it bonds only with hydrogen, it forms compounds called hydrocarbons. Carbon can form single, double, or triple covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
Explanation:
The Sun's outer gases extend far beyond the photosphere (Figure 6). Because they are transparent to most visible radiation and emit only a small amount of light, these outer layers are difficult to observe. The region of the Sun's atmosphere that lies immediately above the photosphere is called the chromosphere.
Answer:
D. Discovered chemolithotrophs in natural enviroments.
Explanation:
Sergei Winogradsky was a russian microbiologist. He observed in his research with genus of bacteria <em>Beggiatoa, </em>they were able to oxidize hydrogen sulfide as an energy source. Being the first example known of lithotrophs (organisms that use inorganic substrate in order to obtain energy).
Answer:
The Atmosphere.
Explanation:
The atmosphere that surrounds Earth is made up of gases like nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and water vapors.
Answer:
The maintainance of the lytic and the lysogenic cycle is done by the Cro and the lambda repressor proteins when the number of bacteria is higher than the number of viruses that is the mode of infectivity or MOI the virus under goes the lytic cycle. This is done by the cleaving of the proteins.
So high nutrient concentration in the gut promotes the growth of the E coli that forms a protease that cleaves the Cro protein and causes the activation of the lysis in the bacteria. So in the high nutrient concentration the bacteria is itself responsible for its lysis.
