Answer:
Explanation:
The functions of the following are as follows:
1). Oil Rings:
- Regulates oil within cylinder walls.
- Helps to keep cylinder walls lubricated
- Prevent Heat transfer
- Reduce friction between piston and cylinder
2). Fly Wheel:
- It is used to store rotational energy
- It resist any change in rotational speed due to its moment of inertia
- It helps to control the orientation of the mechanical system
3). Timing gears:
- It provides synchronization in the rotation of crankshaft and the camshaft so as to provide proper valve opening and closing time during each cylinder's stroke(intake and exhaust).
Answer:
Not too far removed from Collingwood’s concern with the elimination of physical and moral force via social civilization are accounts of civilized society concerned with the management of violence, if only by removing it from the public sphere. Such a concern is extended in Zygmunt Bauman’s account of civilization to the more general issue of producing readily governable subjects. The “concept of civilization,” he argues, “entered learned discourse in the West as the name of a conscious proselytising crusade waged by men of knowledge and aimed at extirpating the vestiges of wild cultures” (1987, 93).
This proselytizing crusade in the name of civilization is worth considering further. Its rationale is not too difficult to determine when one considers Starobinski’s (1993, 31) assertion: “Taken as a value, civilization constitutes a political and moral norm. It is the criterion against which barbarity, or non-civilization, is judged and condemned.” A similar sort of argument is made by Pagden (1988, 33), who states that civilization “describes a state, social, political, cultural, aesthetic—even moral and physical—which is held to be the optimum condition for all mankind, and this involves the implicit claim that only the civilized can know what it is to be civilized.” It is out of this implicit claim and the judgments passed in its name that the notion of the “burden of civilization” was born. And this, many have argued, is one of the less desirable aspects and outcomes of the idea of civilization
Answer:
- Driving surface area as subject to differential pressures
- How to achieve continuous rotation
- Mechanical connections
Explanation:
The general stages of thinking when designing a system are;
- First understanding the problem that requires you to design a solution
- Defining the problem that needs to be solved. In this case is to design an efficient hydraulic engine for a motorboat
- Research to find any available solutions for similar problems
- Idea of the solution
- A prototype to try solve the challenge
- Selecting and adjusting the prototype as you implement the solution.
For a hydraulic engine design, the following designing parts are vital;
- Driving surface area as subject to differential pressures
- How to achieve continuous rotation
- Mechanical connection
Pressures are important due to motor displacements. Fuel burns in the cylinder to cause power through fuel gases burning and expansion which is the four-stroke cycle. Continuous rotation will come in the design considerations through reciprocating motions of pistons into rotary motions. Mechanical connections are vital especially in crank shaft turns, gear box that turns horizontal motions to spinning motions and finally the propeller that drives the boat on the water.
Answer:
A) approximate alkalinity = 123.361 mg/l
B) exact alkalinity = 124.708 mg/l
Explanation:
Given data :
A) determine approximate alkalinity first
Bicarbonate ion = 120 mg/l
carbonate ion = 15 mg/l
Approximate alkalinity = ( carbonate ion ) * 50/30 + ( bicarbonate ion ) * 50/61
= 15 * (50/30) + 120*( 50/61 ) = 123.361 mg/l as CaCO3
B) calculate the exact alkalinity of the water if the pH = 9.43
pH + pOH = 14
9.43 + pOH = 14. therefore pOH = 14 - 9.43 = 4.57
[OH^- ] = 10^-4.57 = 2.692*10^-5 moles/l
[ OH^- ] = 2.692*10^-5 * 179/mole * 10^3 mg/g = 0.458 mg/l
[ H^+ ] = 10^-9.43 * 1 * 10^3 = 3.7154 * 10^-7 mg/l
therefore the exact alkalinity can be calculated as
= ( approximate alkalinity ) + ( [ OH^- ] * 50/17 ) - ( [ H^+ ] * 50/1 )
= 123.361 + ( 0.458 * 50/17 ) - ( 3.7154 * 10^-7 * 50/1 )
= 124.708 mg/l
Answer:
Fatigue factor of safety is 2.0267
Explanation:
Solution is attached below.
