Complete question:
Receptors trigger one of two effector pathways resulting in changes in neuronal activity. These changes will, ultimately, effect gene expression. Which effector pathway is characterized by ion flux through transmitter-activated channels resulting in an altered membrane potential and neuronal activity?
A. Slow effector pathways
B. Modulated effector pathways
C. Rapid effector pathways
D. NMDA glutamate receptor pathways
Answer:
D. NMDA glutamate receptor pathways
Explanation:
The NMDA glutamatergic receptor is a cationic channel receptor modulated by a ligand that allows the transport of Na+, K+, and Ca2+. Under certain situations, it exhibits particular permeability to Ca2+. The receptor has different regions that are susceptible to modulation by endogenous and exogenous agents. The receptor can be found at most excitatory synapses, where it responds to the neurotransmitter glutamate. During synapsis, the presynaptic membrane releases L-glutamate, which is received by NMDA glutamatergic receptor. The receptor plays a regulatory role because activates signaling cascades that depend on calcium.
These receptors are involved in normal synaptic transmission, in a diverse physiological phenomenon, and might be responsible for neurodegenerative processes.
The matter can be classified in two different ways; (a) according to its state, and (b) according to its composition. Matter can exist in three different states, solid, liquid, and gas, based on the way the atoms and molecules are arranged inside them.
Answer:
The correct answer is - eukaryotes.
Explanation:
Eukaryotic organisms are the organisms that have membrane-bound organelles or compartments in their cells that play different types of roles in the cell such as assisting in cellular respiration, photosynthesis, packaging and modifying the proteins, and also helps in transporting them.
In archaea, bacteria and viruses lack true membrane-bound organelles in their cells and found very limited cell organelles like ribosomes and others but no membrane-bound organelles at extent of eukaryotic cells.
Answer:
It has been suggested that these kinds of lesions may be indicative of fighting with other members of its species or the attacks of predators
Explanation:
The Neandertals were exposed to very hard environmental conditions, thereby these lesions may be indicative of such conditions to which this species was exposed.
