Study the diagram of circle O.
1 answer:
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Let p be: John goes to the beach
Let q be: He will go surfing.
Then in symbolic form, the argument becomes:
p ⇒ q
p
---------------------
∴ q
An argument is valid if the conjuction of the premises implies the conclusion.
p | q | p ⇒ q | (p ⇒ q) ∧ p | [(p ⇒ q) ∧ p] ⇒ q
---------------------------------------------------------------------\
F | F | T | F | T
F | T | T | F | T
T | F | F | F | T
T | T | T | T | T
The table above shows that the argument is a tautology.
Hence, the argument is valid