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2 years ago

Q/Clinical applications of the IL1 (IL1= Interleukin-1 )beta and

Medicine

1 answer:

Lady_Fox [76]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Much debate has focused on the relative importance of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The production of these cytokines by synovial macrophages is tightly regulated by cell-cell contact with T cells. During this contact, several surface molecules are implicated in contact mediated cytokine production, including CD40 ligand, CD11b/c, and CD69. Apolipoprotein A-I, an acute phase reactant (APR) that declines during systemic inflammation (reverse APR), inhibits cytokine production by interfering in the T cell-monocyte interaction. Although the effects of IL-1 and TNF-alpha overlap, they have somewhat differing roles in RA on the basis of evidence from several animal models. TNF-alpha appears to play a more important role in triggering events leading to inflammation both locally and systemically, whereas IL-1 is more involved at the local level in processes leading to cartilage and bone destruction and in impeding cartilage repair. However, IL-1 and TNF-alpha strongly synergize in numerous biological functions, both in vitro and in vivo. Blockade of IL-1 and TNF-alpha simultaneously provides favorable effects in collagen and adjuvant induced arthritis, illustrating the importance of both cytokines.

Explanation:

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Aminiotic fluid formation and clearance ?

stich3 [128]

Introduction :-)

The amniotic fluid is the protective liquid contained by the amniotic sac of a gravid amniote. This fluid serves as a cushion for the growing fetus, but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between mother and fetus.

Importance :-)

It helps to protect the fetus from trauma to the maternal abdomen.
It cushions the umbilical cord from compression between the fetus and uterus.
It has antibacterial properties that provide some protection from infection.
It serves as a reservoir of fluid and nutrients for the fetus.

Formation :-)

Amniotic fluid is present from the formation of the gestational sac. Amniotic fluid is in the amniotic sac. It is generated from maternal plasma, and passes through the fetal membranes by osmotic and hydrostatic forces. When fetal kidneys begin to function around week 16, fetal urine also contributes to the fluid. In earlier times, it was believed that the amniotic fluid was composed entirely of fetal urine.

The fluid is absorbed through the fetal tissue and skin. After 22 to 25 week of pregnancy, fraternization of an embryo's skin occurs. When this process completes around the 25th week, the fluid is primarily absorbed by the fetal gut for the remainder of gestation.

Contents :-)

At first, amniotic fluid is mainly water with electrolytes, but by about the 12-14th week the liquid also contains proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and phospholipids, and urea, all of which aid in the growth of the fetus.

Hope its helpful :-)

If so, please mark me as brainlist :-)

4 0

1 year ago

A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is:.

Sergeeva-Olga [200]

Answer:

Hypergammaglobulinemia

Explanation:

7 0

2 years ago

What is the nursing process

Strike441 [17]

Answer:

The use of the nursing process is a patient-centered framework, or steps in which a nurse uses critical thinking skills to solve problems.

Explanation:

The nursing process functions as a systematic guide to client-centered care with 5 sequential steps. These are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

4 0

3 years ago

laboratory studies are performed for patient suspected of having iron deficiency anemia the nurse reviews the laboratory results

Anit [1.1K]

patient with iron deficiency anemia will have low hemoglobin levels as well as microcytic and hypochromic RBCs, according to the results of a complete blood count. Typically, the reticulocyte count is normal or slightly increased.

<h3>what is iron deficiency anemia?</h3>

Insufficient iron is the cause of iron deficiency anemia.
Your body needs iron to produce enough of a component in red blood cells that makes it possible for them to carry oxygen (hemoglobin).
Thus, iron deficiency anemia may make you feel lethargic and breathless.

<h3>How serious is iron deficiency anemia?</h3>

Iron-deficiency anemia can have major side effects, including fatigue, headaches, restless legs syndrome, heart issues, problems during pregnancy, and delays in a child's development.
Additionally, iron deficiency anemia can worsen other chronic illnesses or render their therapies ineffective.

<h3>What three levels of iron deficiency are there?</h3>

Deficiency in Iron Has 3 Stages

Stage 1: A decrease in the body's overall iron content. A decrease in serum ferritin serves as an indicator of this stage.
Stage 2 Reduced red blood cell production. This stage develops when there is not enough iron available to sustain the production of red blood cells.
Stage 3 Iron deficiency anemia.

learn more about Iron deficiency anemia here

brainly.com/question/866200

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2 years ago

Write down the importance of veterinary Doctor ?

kupik [55]

Answer:Today's veterinarians are the only doctors educated to protect the health of both animals and people. They work hard to address the health and welfare needs of every species of animal. Veterinarians also play critical roles in environmental protection, research, food safety, and public health.

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers