Three
different ways the relatedness of species could be assessed is through:
<span>1.
</span>Their genotype. Similarity in DNA between the species is a good
indication of their relatedness.
<span>2.
</span>Their phenotype. If the two species have similar body form and function,
then there is a good possibility that they are related.
<span>The presence of intermediates, either living
or in the fossil record, can show relatedness between two species.</span>
Answer:
- In terrestrial environments: increasing CO2 levels cause an increased photosynthetic rate
- In aquatic environments: increasing CO2 levels cause an increase in water acidity
- In both terrestrial and aquatic environments: increasing CO2 levels lead to an overall increase in the average temperature (global warming)
Explanation:
In terrestrial ecosystems, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels increase the rate of photosynthesis (since CO2 is one of the reactants in photosynthesis), thereby also increasing plant growth. Moreover, in aquatic ecosystems, rising CO2 concentrations increase the levels of this gas dissolved on the surface of the oceans. This increases the acidity of the oceans, thereby modifying habitats and food web structures. The increasing acidity of the oceans also reduces the amounts of carbonate, which difficult for aquatic species (e.g., corals) to form their shells/skeletons. Finally, CO2 is a greenhouse gas that contributes to the increase in the average temperature by absorbing solar radiation that would otherwise have been reflected by the Earth's surface, and this increase in the temperature negatively affects life in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.
The male
human has a sperm cell and the female has an egg cell. The cells from the male
and female that combine to form a zygote are called gametes. The human sperm
and egg cells each contain 23 chromosomes. . A combination of gametes forms a
zygote with 46 chromosomes. The type of cell division that produces gametes
with half the normal chromosome number is the meiosis. Meiosis is the type of
cell division used in sexual reproduction. It will occur in the testes and
ovaries.<span>Chromosomes get
shuffled when eggs and sperm are made. Though most adult cells contain two sets
of chromosomes, sperm and egg cells are different. These special cells have
just one chromosome from each pair. Which chromosome they get from each pair is
random, making each sperm or egg cell unique. There is also a bit of mixing
before the chromosomes are sorted into individual sperm or egg cells.
Chromosomes from each pair in a mother or father, respectively, make contact
and exchange pieces of DNA, creating hybrid chromosomes. </span>
Answer:
A-U-G-<u>C-U-A</u>-A-U-A-<u>C-A-G</u>-U-A-G==== RNA
AUG= Start, CUA= Leu, AUA= Iso, CAG= Glu, UAG=Stop (AMINO ACIDS)
Explanation:
these are right i know for a fact.. had this unit for school
Nonliving characteristics include the fact that they are not cells, have no cytoplasm or cellular organelles, and carry out no metabolism on their own and therefore must replicate using the host cell's metabolic machinery. Viruses can infect animals, plants, and even other microorganisms.
