Explanation:
<em>A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. ... There are over 60 types in the human body, some microscopically small, in particular the millions of precapillary sphincters.</em>
Coevolution is the name given to a long term change that takes place in two species because of their close interactions with one another.
Coevolution occurs when the evolution of two or more species mutually depends on each other or influences each other due to their close ecological interactions. Coevolution can create interactions such as predators and prey, parasites and hosts, mutualism and competition.
An example of coevolution is mutualistic interaction between flowering plants and associated pollinators (such as insects) which have ecological interaction and mutually depend on one another. This species are believed to evolve together or probably came together after some time and are mutually adapted. Their interaction is as a result of coevolutionary process.
Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.
Answer: Fruit will not brown. Browning requires a functional enzyme.
Explanation:
Genetic engineering refers to the manipulation of an organism's genes. Scientists use a variety of molecular tools and techniques to cut up and join genetic material from different species and to introduce this new hybrid DNA into another organisms. <u>The overall goal is to add or remove an organism's genetic makeup for the better, or to transfer DNA code from one species into the other, in order to form new combinations or heritable genetic material.</u>
Enzymatic browning is a reaction that occurs in fruits which results in negative effects on characteristics such as taste, color, and nutritional value. This reaction is a caused by phenolic compounds' oxidation by an enzyme called polyphenol oxidase, which causes the generation of dark pigments. This is often seen in apples which are rich in this enzymes and susceptible to this enzymatic browning.
If through genetic engineering, the gene encoding the enzyme responsible for the apple browing is removed, then this enzyme cannot be produced by the apple. Consequently, apples will not brown<u>,</u> because there will not be a polyphenol oxidase that oxidates the phenolic compounds.
Invertebrates can be the least diverse