Answer:
They are semi-permeable, which means that some molecules can diffuse across the lipid bilayer but others cannot. Small hydrophobic molecules and gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide cross membranes rapidly.
Explanation:
It becomes positive because ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the membrane .
Answer:
Heat
Explanation:
Contact metamorphism happens when hot magma or lava comes into contact with rocks, causing a small area to change into a metamorphic rock. Contact metamorphism will be present on the outside edges of igneous intrusions.
The secondary succession is triggered by a natural event (forest fires for example) that destroys an established ecosystem. The destroyed forest will then undergo a regrowth process. This secondary growth may look bizarrely different from the way how the original forest used to look like. There are several stages involved after the forest os being burned. The first stage involves the colonization of massively burned places by plants and fungi. The following stage starts when minuscule plants such as grasses dwell in the forest. And then, huge plants that require lots of direct sunlight will move in. Lastly, new trees will continuously grow up to a point where they makeup a forest that remains in time except there are major interventions.
Primary succession occurs<span> in essentially lifeless areas or regions in which the soil is incapable of sustaining life as a result of such factors as lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier. Hope this answers the question.</span>
