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goblinko [34]
3 years ago
5

How are whales different from fish

Biology
1 answer:
irinina [24]3 years ago
6 0

Whales have horizontally positioned tales opposed to fish and they swim in an up and down type of motion to move, where as fish are the exact opposite flexing and turning their body left and right with their vertical tale to move.

Whales have bigger mouths to eat large schools of krill (their main source of food)

And also, whales are mammals, and breathe with their lungs, whereas fish use gills to breathe underwater. I hope this helped! Please mark Brainliest!

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What is the determining factor for the transcription of structural genes of the trp operon?
padilas [110]

The right answer is 3. the availability of tryptophan in the environment

The TRP operon regulation depends on the availability of the tryptophan molecule (it depends if the cell need tryptophan or already has it).

There are two modes of regulation of the trp operon: Suppression and Mitigation

*Repression

The synthesis of operon mRNA is controlled by a repressor that blocks transcription when bound by tryptophan, which acts as a co-repressor.

The repressor, a 108 aa homodimer (ie 2 apo-repressor), has helix-turn-helix domains that interact with inverted repeats at the major groove of the operator, thus allowing its fixation.

In the absence of trp, the repressor is inactive and does not attach to the operator. The RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter and transcribe the trp E, D, C, B, A structural genes.

In the presence of trp, the repressor changes conformation and becomes active, so it binds to the operator, preventing RNA polymerase from accessing the promoter so transcription will not occur.

* The Attenuation

This is a premature termination of transcription that is a function of Trp concentration. It takes place at a late moment of transcription while regulation by repression is done during the initiation.

1st Case: Low Trp Rate, Continuous Transcription, → Formation of the Anti-attenuator in the absence of trp, and therefore the synthesis of tryptophan is continued.

2nd case: High rate of trp, stop transcription, → Formation of the attenuator in the presence of trp. This one will attenuate the synthesis of tryptophan.

4 0
3 years ago
The pKa of an acid depends partly on its environment. Predict the effect of each of the following environmental changes on the p
Galina-37 [17]
The pKa represents the pH of the medium at which the zwitterionic amino acid assumes most stable ionic form due to structural stabilization. As the pKa is dependent upon the environmental factors of the solution around the amino acids, a change in their structure and localization can cause change in the pKa of the protein. Thus, the answers can be found as below:

Part A: Decrease (As the lysine is basic in nature, it will tend to stabilize the electrostatic interaction and weak interactions between the acidic amino acids and hydrogen bonds in the viscinity, thus lowering the pH and hence pKa of the protein)

Part B: Increase (As the carboxyl group is acidic in nature, removal of it will tend to increase the pKa since the basic amino acids will tend to accumulate more negative charge in their viscinity)

Part C: Increase (As glutamic acid is an acidic amino acid, its shift from outside to a non-polar site will prevents its ionization and hence the pKa will tend to shift from slightly acidic to slightly basic, hence increase)
3 0
3 years ago
A cell is viewed under a microscope and is found to have two nuclear envelopes and spindles that appear to be breaking apart. Wh
motikmotik
<span><span>Mitosis is the process in which cells divide to form new cells. The cell that is being described under the microscope is already in the Anaphase stage in mitosis.

Anaphase is the process in which two sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. These two sister chromatids contain identical copies of DNA that are joined at the middle called centromere. The chromosomes are separated by the mitotic spindle. Towards the end of the anaphase</span> the two sister chromatids now have their two separate poles. The mitotic process then proceeds to the Telophase.</span>
5 0
3 years ago
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Answer:

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