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2 answers:
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Answer:
a) ΔS is negative
b) ΔS is positive
c) ΔS is positive
d) ΔS is negative
Explanation:
Entropy (S) is a thermodynamic parameter which measures the randomness or the disorder in a system. Greater the disorder more positive will be the value of entropy.
The extent of disorder increases as substances transition from the solid to the gaseous state. i.e.
S(solid) < S(liquid) < S(gas)
The entropy change for a given reaction is:
a)
Here the reactants are in the liquid and gas phase which have higher entropy than the product which is in the solid phase i.e. lower entropy.
Since S(product) < S(reactant), based on equation 1, ΔS will be negative.
b)
Here the products are in the liquid and gas phase which have higher entropy than the reactant which is in the solid phase i.e. lower entropy.
Since S(product) > S(reactant), based on equation 1, ΔS will be positive.
c)
Here the products and reactants are in the gas phase. However the number of moles of products is greater than the reactants
Since S(product) > S(reactant), based on equation 1, ΔS will be positive.
d)
Here one of the reactants is in the gas phase which corresponds to a more positive entropy compared to the product which is in the solid phase i.e. lower entropy.
Since S(product) < S(reactant), based on equation 1, ΔS will be negative.
Answer: A mass of 124457.96 g ammonia is produced by reacting a 450 L sample of nitrogen gas at a temperature of 450 K and a pressure of 300 atm.
Explanation:
Given: Volume = 450 L
Temperature = 450 K
Pressure = 300 atm
Using ideal gas equation, moles of nitrogen are calculated as follows.
PV = nRT
where,
P = pressure
V = volume
n = no. of moles
R = gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/mol K
T = tempertaure
Substitute values into the above formula as follows.
According to the given equation, 1 mole of nitrogen forms 2 moles of ammonia. So, moles of ammonia formed by 3654.08 moles of nitrogen is as follows.
As moles is the mass of substance divided by its molar mass. So, mass of ammonia (molar mass = 17.03 g/mol) is as follows.
Thus, we can conclude that a mass of 124457.96 g ammonia is produced by reacting a 450 L sample of nitrogen gas at a temperature of 450 K and a pressure of 300 atm.