Answer:
French physicist Jacques Charles (1746-1823) studied the effect of temperature on the volume of a gas at constant pressure. Charles's Law states that the volume of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas when pressure is kept constant. The absolute temperature is temperature measured with the Kelvin scale. The Kelvin scale must be used because zero on the Kelvin scale corresponds to a complete stop of molecular motion.
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Figure 11.5.1: As a container of confined gas is heated, its molecules increase in kinetic energy and push the movable piston outward, resulting in an increase in volume.
Mathematically, the direct relationship of Charles's Law can be represented by the following equation:
V
T
=k
As with Boyle's Law, k is constant only for a given gas sample. The table below shows temperature and volume data for a set amount of gas at a constant pressure. The third column is the constant for this particular data set and is always equal to the volume divided by the Kelvin temperature.
Explanation:
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The motion of the molecules decreases.
<u>Explanation</u>:
- Gases are formed when the energy in a system overcomes the attractive forces between the molecules. The gases expand to fill the space they occupy. In this way, the gas molecules interact little. In the gaseous state, the molecules move very quickly. As the temperature decreases, the amount of movement of the individual molecules also decreases.
- The fast-moving particle slows down. When a particle speeds up, it has more kinetic energy. When a particle slows down, it has less kinetic energy. The particles in solid form are commonly connected through electrostatic powers. They don't get enough space to move around, therefore, their speed diminishes, they can't keep their standard speed like in the vaporous or fluid state.
The definition of the speed of light is exactly 299,792,458 meters per second, so to find how far it travels in a time period, multiply the speed of light times the time. Aka c=299,792,458m/s where c is speed of light, m is meters, and s is seconds. So for example to find how far light travels in 5 seconds, multiply by 5.
