The diagram below shows the positions of Earth, sun, and moon during two types of tides. The picture on the left is labeled Tide
1 and shows the Earth and sun along the same horizontal line and moon above Earth. The picture on the right is labeled Tide 2 and shows the Earth and sun along the same horizontal line and the moon below Earth. What impact do both positions have on the tides? The difference is greatest between the high and low tides.
The difference is almost equal to the high tide between the high and low tides.
The gravitational forces due to the sun and the moon cancel each others' effect.
The gravitational forces due to the sun and the moon amplify each others' effect.
Question 11(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.02]The table below shows the difference between the average temperatures in April and October in four locations.
Location Difference between the average temperatures in April and October (in degrees Celsius)
A 4.5
B 1.7
C 6.8
D 4.0
Which of these locations is most likely closest to the ocean?
Location A
Location B
Location C
Location D
Question 12(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.02]Which of these statements best explains why sea breeze blows during the day in coastal locations?
Sea gets heated up faster than land during day time.
Land gets heated up faster than sea during day time.
Sea gets cooled faster than land during day time.
Land gets cooled faster than sea during day time.
Question 13(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.02]Vertical movement of deep ocean water is caused by
forces of wind
phytoplanktons
dissolved nutrients
variations in density
Question 14(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.04]Which of these diagrams best represents the position of the moon when the location P experiences the highest tide?
Picture shows Earth with the North pole labeled P. A small circular moon is shown on the left of Earth.
Picture shows Earth with the North pole labeled P. A small circular moon is shown on the right of Earth.
Picture shows Earth with the North pole labeled P. A small circular moon is shown above the point P.
Picture shows Earth with the North pole labeled P. A small circular moon is shown above P, slightly towards right.
Question 15(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.03]Which of these statements best describes the properties of tsunami waves?
They have long wavelengths and are driven by strong winds.
They originate as high amplitude waves and travel at a very high speed.
They have long wavelengths and travel at a very high speed.
They are driven by strong winds and originate as high amplitude waves.
Question 16(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.03]The distance between the first and third crest of an ocean wave is 24 meters. What is the wavelength of the ocean wave?
6 meters
8 meters
12 meters
24 meters
Question 17(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.04]Martha designed a model to show the positions of Earth, sun, and moon when there is greatest difference between high and low tides. Which of these is most likely the model designed by Martha?
Picture shows sun, moon, and Earth along the same horizontal line.
Picture shows the sun and Earth along the same horizontal line and the moon above Earth.
Picture shows the sun and Earth along the same horizontal line and the moon below Earth.
Picture shows the sun and Earth along the same horizontal line and the moon above Earth slightly towards right as shown in the art.
Question 18(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
[O.05]What are people in a coastal location in Florida most likely to do if there are abnormally high winds leading to storm surges and dangerous rip currents?
engage in water sports like surfing
shift to inland locations temporarily
enjoy recreational activities on the beach
build barriers on the coastline to prevent flooding
c. the gravitational forces due to the sun and the moon cancel each other's effect
Explanation:
The two diagrams represent Neap tides. Neap tides occur when the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are aligned at right angles. Moderate tides are formed because the bulge due to gravitational pull of the Sun cancels the bulge due to moon. The difference between the high tides and the low tides is the smallest.
When you exercise and your muscles work harder, your body uses more oxygen and produces more carbon dioxide. To cope with this extra demand, your breathing has to increase from about 15 times a minute (12 litres of air) when you are resting, up to about 40–60 times a minute (100 litres of air) during exercise.
