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2 years ago

The efficiency of a canot engine is more when the temperature of the sink is increased by 50%

Physics

1 answer:

timama [110]2 years ago

4 0

The efficiency of a carnot engine is more when the temperature of the sink is increased by 50% is 33.33%

<h3>What is Efficiency?</h3>

The efficiency is defined as the work done by the engine divided by the heat supplied.

Work done is the difference between the heat supplied and heat rejected.

So, efficiency η = 1 - T₁/T₂

Where T₁ is the lower temperature and T₂ is the higher temperature.

The temperature of the sink is increased by 50%. If the lower temperature is T₁, then the higher temperature will be 1.50T₁

Substitute the value into the expression , we get

η = 1 - T₁ / 1.5T₁ x 100 %

η = 33.33 %

Thus, the efficiency of the carnot engine is 33.33 %

Learn more about efficiency.

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A cannon is fired from the edge of a cliff, which is 60m above the sea. The cannonball's initial velocity is 88.3m/s and it is f

wel

Answer:

a. 11.29 s b. 94.72 m/s at -39.8° c. 821.57 m

Explanation:

a. Using y - y₀ = ut - 1/2gt² where u = vertical component of velocity = v₀sinθ where v₀ = 88.3 m/s and θ = 34.5°, y₀ = + 60 m and y = water surface = 0 m, g = 9.8 m/s² and t = time it takes the cannon to reach the water surface.

So y - y₀ = ut - 1/2gt²

y - y₀ = (v₀sinθ)t - 1/2gt²

substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

0 - 60 = (88.3 m/s × sin34.5°)t - 1/2 × 9.8 m/s²× t²

- 60 = 50t - 4.9t²

So, 4.9t² - 50t - 60 = 0

Using the quadratic formula to find t,

$t = \frac{-(-50) +/- \sqrt{(-50)^{2} - 4 X 4.9 X -60} }{2 X 4.9} \\t = \frac{50 +/- \sqrt{2500 + 1176} }{9.8} \\t = \frac{50 +/- \sqrt{3676} }{9.8} \\t = \frac{50 +/- 60.63 }{9.8} \\t = \frac{50 + 60.63 }{9.8} or t = \frac{50 - 60.63 }{9.8} \\t = \frac{110.63 }{9.8} or t = \frac{-10.63 }{9.8} \\t = 11.29 sor -1.085$

Since t cannot be negative, t = 11.29 s

b. We first need to find the impact vertical velocity component. Using

v = u - gt where u = initial vertical velocity component = v₀sinθ and t = 11.29 s and g = 9.8 m/s². So,

v = v₀sinθ - gt

= 88.3 m/s × sin34.5° - 9.8 m/s² × 11.29 s

= 50.01 m/s - 110.64 m/s

= -60.63 m/s

Since the horizontal velocity is constant u' = v₀cosθ = 88.3 m/s × cos34.5° = 72.77 m/s.

The impact velocity is thus the resultant of the horizontal velocity and final impact velocity. So, V = √(v² + u'²)

= √((-60.63 m/s)² + (72.77 m/s)²)

= √((3676 m²/s² + 5295.48 m²/s²)

= √(8971.48 m²/s²

= 94.72 m/s

The angle θ = tan⁻¹(v/u') = tan⁻¹(-60.63 m/s ÷ 72.77 m/s) = tan⁻¹(-0.8332) = -39.8°

So the impact velocity is 94.72 m/s at -39.8°

c. The horizontal distance out from the base of the cliff that the ball strikes the water is the range, R = u't = 72.77 m/s × 11.29 s = 821.57 m

5 0

3 years ago

When the spring, with the attached 275.0 g mass, is displaced from its new equilibrium position, it undergoes SHM. Calculate the

topjm [15]

Answer:

The period of oscillation is 1.33 sec.

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass = 275.0 g

Suppose value of spring constant is 6.2 N/m.

We need to calculate the angular frequency

Using formula of angular frequency

$\omega=\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}$

Where, m = mass

k = spring constant

Put the value into the formula

$\omega=\sqrt{\dfrac{6.2}{275.0\times10^{-3}}}$

$\omega=4.74\ rad/s$

We need to calculate the period of oscillation,

Using formula of time period

$T=\dfrac{2\pi}{\omega}$

Put the value into the formula

$T=\dfrac{2\pi}{4.74}$

$T=1.33\ sec$

Hence, The period of oscillation is 1.33 sec.

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3 years ago

Reasons why using mirrors to generate electricity is not a common practice.

olganol [36]

A big part of the reason that mirrors are seldom if ever used to generate
electricity is the simple fact that there is no way to generate electricity using
mirrors. They are as useless for the purpose as smoke is, although there are
those who have used both items simultaneously to create the impression that
they have succeeded in that attempt.

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

The law of conservation of matter states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. How is the law of conservation of mat

FromTheMoon [43]

The law of conservation of matter and energy relates to the cycles in nature, and by that it is also applied to rocks and other materials. All of the rock in the Earth is recycled and accounted for during the rock cycle. Rocks experience physical change, the composition of the material stays the same, it may just change how it looks and chemical changes occur (the suubstance undergoes a chemical reaction that changes the actual makeup of the substance).

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3 years ago

Which of the following sets of properties leads to a high degree of thermal shock resistance? (A) High fracture strength High th

Rina8888 [55]

Answer:

The correct Answer is C) High fracture strength, High Thermal Conductivity, Low modulus of elasticity, Low coefficient of thermal

Explanation:

The ability of a solid to withstand sudden changes in temperature either during heating or cooling is known or referred to as Thermal Shock Resistance (TSR).

Thermal shock resistance is one of the most crucial factors of performance in solids for high temperature environments that can cause thermal stresses and risks for thermal shock damage.

Examples are as of such environments are energy conversion systems, electronic devices and cutting tools.

A common way to evaluate TSR is to look for maximum jump in surface temperature which a material can sustain without cracking. This is known as thermal conductivity.

Failure due to thermal shock can be prevented by;

Reducing the thermal gradient seen by the object, by changing its temperature more slowly or increasing the material's thermal conductivity
Reducing the material's coefficient of thermal expansion
upping its strength
Introducing built-in compressive stress, as for example in tempered glass and in some cases tempered plastic
reducing its Young's modulus
increasing its toughness, by crack tip blunting (i.e., plasticity or phase transformation) or crack deflection

Thermal conductivity is an intensive physical property of a material that relates the heat flow through the material per unit area to temperature gradient across the material. The thermal conductivity of a material is basically a measure of its ability to conduct heat.

The other factor that contributes to a high degree of thermal shock is:

Fracture Strength: This is the ability of a material containing a crack to resist fracture or resist becoming brittle. For example, glass has a high strength, but the presence of a small fracture reduces the strength. Therefore, glass has low fracture resistance. Fracture toughness is an important consideration in hydraulic fracture design.

Modulus of Elasticity:

An object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it is calculated or measured by a quantity known as Elastic Modulus (also known as Young modulus of elasticity)

A stiff material has a high Young's modulus and changes its shape only slightly under elastic loads (e.g. steel or diamond). A flexible material has a low Young's modulus and changes its shape considerably (e.g. rubbers).

Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) this refers to how the rate of change in the size of an object with respect of every degree change in temperature assuming that pressure remains the same. An object with low CTE is Fine Ceramics or Advanced Ceramics.

Cheers!

4 0

3 years ago