Answer: The relationship between blood pressure and heart rate responses to coughing was investigated in 10 healthy subjects in three body positions and compared with the circulatory responses to commonly used autonomic function tests: forced breathing, standing up and the Valsalva manoeuvre. 2. We observed a concomitant intra-cough increase in supine heart rate and blood pressure and a sustained post-cough elevation of heart rate in the absence of arterial hypotension. These findings indicate that the sustained increase in heart rate in response to coughing is not caused by arterial hypotension and that these heart rate changes are not under arterial baroreflex control. 3. The maximal change in heart rate in response to coughing (28 +/- 8 beats/min) was comparable with the response to forced breathing (29 +/- 9 beats/min, P greater than 0.4), with a reasonable correlation (r = 0.67, P less than 0.05), and smaller than the change in response to standing up (41 +/- 9 beats/min, P less than 0.01) and to the Valsalva manoeuvre (39 +/- 13 beats/min, P less than 0.01). 4. Quantifying the initial heart rate response to coughing offers no advantage in measuring cardiac acceleratory capacity; standing up and the Valsalva manoeuvre are superior to coughing in evaluating arterial baroreflex cardiovascular function.
Explanation:
A massive landslide Mud flows in the Toutle river.
<h3>How changes have occurred in the North Fork Toutle River?</h3>
There had been many earthquakes in the area prior to eruption but this happen to be a massive land slide because a moving magma have over steepened the mountain slopes.
This geologic process uses gravity to cause rock, soil, artificial fill or a combination of the three to move down a slope. Slow weathering of rocks as well as soil eruption and volcanic activity also causes landslides
Thus, massive landslide Mud flows in the Toutle river.
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The answer is Transportation systems can be conceptualized as a set of relationships between nodes, networks, and demand. These relationships include places that spatially express that demand, flows between them, and infrastructure designed to manage and connect those flows. All components of a transportation system are designed to facilitate the movement of passengers, cargo and information, either as separate components or together.
demand. A derived function for the mobility of people, cargo, and information for a variety of socioeconomic activities. Node. Where movements begin, end and pass through (mediation), entry or exit points in a transportation system. They vary according to the geographical scale considered, from local nodes (e.g. a subway station) to global nodes (e.g. port or airport terminals).
networks. Consisting of a set of links expressing the connectivity between places and the capacity to handle volumes of passengers or cargo.Locations. Nodes where demand is expressed as a point of origin, destination, or transit. The level of spatial accumulation of socioeconomic activities (production and consumption) collectively defines demand and where that demand is produced.
streams. The amount of traffic in a network made up of nodes and links. This is collectively a function of demand and the ability of chains to support it.
infrastructures. Means of transportation such as highways and terminals express the physical reality of a network and are designed to handle demand with specific characteristics in terms of volume and frequency. The facilities that provide access to a network are collectively characterized by their centrality and the links they emanate.
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This is because HIV weakens the immune system and so the body becomes more susceptible to infections or illnesses
