Some conditions that are possible reasons for declining genetic diversity of a species;
▪︎loss of habitat
▪︎inbreeding
Explanation:
Loss of habitat will definitely reduce diversity because it reduces the population size from increased competition for reduced resources. Some subspecies may be completely eliminated when their niche is completely lost.
Inbreeding also reduces diversity because it results in the expression of recessive genes in a population that are mostly disadvantageous. High inbreeding rates will result in most individuals not reaching maturity to pass down their genes to the next generations.
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The answer is A. Pollutant
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Transcription factors are necessary for an initiation of transcription at a regulated gene but not sufficient.
Transcription is the first step of gene expression in which DNA molecule is copied (transcribed) into RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The process of transcription is divided into three phases:
1. Initiation
• RNA polymerase with transcriptional factors bind to gene promoter Transcription factors can enhance the interaction between RNA polymerase and a DNA sequence- promoter, encouraging the expression of the gene. Such transcription factors are called activators. Otherwise, when the gene expression is inhibited, factors are called repressors and they bind to sequence –operator.
• RNA polymerase unwinds DNA double helix (transcription bubble is formed)
2. Elongation
• RNA polymerases adds nucleotides complementary to DNA
3. Termination
• RNA polymerase gets to stop codon (transcribes a sequence of DNA known as a terminator)
• Formed complementary RNA strand is released from DNA-RNA complex