Answer:
Perpendicular to the surface
Explanation:
- Electric field lines represent the direction of the electric field. The electric field lines also correspond to the direction along which the gradient of the electric potential is maximum.
- Equipotentials are lines or surfaces along which the electric potential is constant: the electric potential does not change moving along an equipotential surface.
Given the two definitions, equipotential lines are always perpendicular to the electric field lines. Therefore, in this problem, the direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the spherical equipotential surface.
Answer: the frequency is every 27.322 days
Explanation:
Fluids exert both drag and lift forces on moving objects. Drag is the frictional force opposing motion. Lift is the force perpendicular to motion.
Some objects, like parachutes, are designed with large cross sectional areas to increase drag force. Usually though, objects are designed to minimize drag force. It's why cars, planes, and boats have sleek shapes.
Airplane wings have shapes called airfoils that generate lift. It's what makes them fly. The same shape is found in racecar spoilers. These spoilers use lift force to push down on the rear tires, increasing traction.
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