Answer:
The change in entropy is -1083.112 joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
Explanation:
If the water is cooled reversibly with no phase changes, then there is no entropy generation during the entire process. By the Second Law of Thermodynamics, we represent the change of entropy (
), in joules per gram-Kelvin, by the following model:
(1)
Where:
- Mass, in kilograms.
- Specific heat of water, in joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
, 
- Initial and final temperatures of water, in Kelvin.
If we know that 
, 
, 
and 
, then the change in entropy for the entire process is:
The change in entropy is -1083.112 joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
Answer:
Scientific Explanation of weather change and cause storms is described below in detail.
Explanation:
The weather is just the nature of the environment at any time, including items such as warmth, rainfall, air pressure, and cloud shelter. Daily variations in the weather are due to storms and winds. Seasonal variations are due to the Earth spinning nearby the sun. Warm beginnings often produce stormy weather as the heated air mass at the exterior rises above the cool air mass, creating clouds and storms.
Answer:
1) positive
2) carbocation
3) most stable
4) faster
Explanation:
A common test for the presence of alcohols can be achieved using the Lucas reagent. Lucas reagent is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride.
The reaction of Lucas reagent reacts with alcohols leading to the formation of an alkyl chloride. Since the reaction proceeds via a carbocation mechanism, tertiary alcohols give an immediate reaction. Once a tertiary alcohol is mixed with Lucas reagent, the solution turns cloudy almost immediately indicating an instant positive reaction.
Secondary alcohols may turn cloudy within five minutes of mixing the solutions. Primary alcohols do not significantly react with Lucas reagent obviously because they do not form stable carbocations.
Therefore we can use the Lucas reagent to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
M CH₃COOH: 12u×2 + 1u×4 + 16u×2 =<u> 60u</u>
m 9CH₃COOH: 60u×9 = <u>540u</u>
<em>(1u ≈ 1,66·10⁻²⁴g)</em>
-----------------------------
1u ------- <span>1,66·10⁻²⁴g
540u ---- X
X = 540</span>×<span>1,66·10⁻²⁴g
<u>X = 896,4</u></span><span><u>·10⁻²⁴g
</u></span>
Answer:
Astronomers measure distance in space or the distance light travels in one Earth year.
" A light-year is how astronomers measure distance in space. It's defined by how far a beam of light travels in one year – a distance of six trillion miles."
