Answer:
Alex has to think about which option gives him more benefits, and what is really important for him.
Explanation:
When you are going to take a decision, you have to take into account all the pros and cons. In this case he has two important variables: on one side is money and on the other side is the model. So, if he has enough budget allocated for the car, and he doesn´t have other expenses, he could choose Car X. However, if he doesn´t have enough money and he only need a car for easier transportation he should choose Car Y.
Based on the situation, that was an example of : Free-Rider problems
Free-rider problems refer to a condition when an individual either consume more than the fair share or pay less than the fair share.
Hope this helps
Answer:
fixed ratio
Explanation:
With a fixed ration schedule of reinforcement, a number of responses are set to occur prior to the reward of the behavior. Carrie sells boxes of candy in a retail store and earns a commission every time she sells. She will likely try to sell more boxes of candy so she can increase the commission she earns.
Extinction of a reinforced behaviour, in operant conditioning, can be said to happen at some point when the reinforcement stops and the speed at which this occurs depends on the reinforcement schedule. In fixed ratio schedule, extinction can happen quickly unlike what is found in variable schedule.
If carrier were to press the button for pain relief medication to be given to her by the medical professionals before the time her doctor has approved for that to happen, no medication would be given. She is on a fixed reinforcement schedule and so extinction do happen quickly when reinforcement doesn’t come at the time it is expected to occur.
