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2 years ago

Discuss potential advantages and disadvantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry.

Chemistry

1 answer:

g100num [7]2 years ago

3 0

Potential advantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry are:

Natural resource, easy to obtain, lower cost.
Avoiding biomass drying step.
Facilitating recovery of inorganics contained in biomass.

Disadvantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry

Higher critical point, severe reaction conditions.
Lower yields of water insoluble bio-oil.
The bio-oil with higher oxygen content and lower calorific value.

<h3>What is the most widely used liquefaction solvent?</h3>

Water is the most common liquefaction solvent. Not only is water an environmentally friendly solvent that is inexpensive and does not pollute the environment, but it also facilitates the recovery and recycling of inorganic matter contained in biomass in ionic form for eventual use as fertilizers.

<h3>Why is water called a universal solvent?</h3>

Water dissolves many substances and is known as a universal solvent. We learned that, despite being a universal solvent, it can only dissolve polar molecules and that nonpolar molecules, even when mixed with water, form a separate layer.
Many researchers around the world have studied the effect of liquefaction solvent type on the liquefaction behaviors of various biomasses, including lignocelluloses, algae, and sewage sludge.

Learn more about water as a solvent:

<u><em>brainly.com/question/1923449</em></u>

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Consider these compounds:

Afina-wow [57]

Answer:

Without doing any calculations it is possible to determine that silver chromate is more soluble than <u>C,D ,</u> and silver chromate is less soluble than <u>none</u> .

It is not possible to determine whether silver chromate is more or less soluble than <u>A,B</u> by simply comparing Kspvalues

Explanation:

For this kind of question you need to obtain the balanced equation for the solubility, first, you will write the dissociation equation for every molecule, obtaining the ions in which it dissociates. Then you substitute in the Kps equation

$A_{n}B_{m} -> nA^{m+}+mB^{n-} \\K_{s}=[A^{m}]^{n}[B^{n}]^{m}$

Considering the corresponding stoichiometry you'll substitute in your dissociation equations as follow.

$Ag_{2}CrO_{4}(s)->2Ag^{+}(aq)+CrO_{4} ^{2-}\\ s ->2s+s\\s->[2s]^{2}[s]=4s^{3} \\\\A) PbF_{2}(s)->Pb^{2+} (aq)+2F^{-}\\s->s+2s\\s->[s][2s]^{2}=4s^{3}\\\\\\B)Ag_{2}SO_{3}(s)->2Ag^{+}(aq)+SO_{3} ^{2-}\\ s ->2s+s\\s->[2s]^{2}[s]=4s^{3} \\\\\\C)NiCO_{3}(s)->Ni^{2+}(aq)+CO_{3} ^{2-}\\ s ->s+s\\s->[s][s]=s^{2} \\\\\\D)AgCl(s)->Ag^{+}(aq)+Cl^{-}(aq)\\ s ->s+s\\s->[s][s]=s^{2} \\$

IIn this case, the silver chromate has a Kps of $4sx^{3}$ , same as the compound in options A and B, comparing these numbers you can't determine which one is bigger. Finally, options C and D have a kps of $s^{2}$ , this value is smaller than silver chromate's kps.

I hope you find this information useful! good luck!

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3 years ago

How many moles of Calcium Oxide are needed to produce 4 moles of Calcium Hydroxide?

Tpy6a [65]

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 2 moles of CaO are required to react with 2 moles of Ca(OH)₂.

<h3>Reaction stoichiometry</h3>

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

CaO: 1 mole
H₂O: 1 mole
Ca(OH)₂: 1 mole

<h3>Moles of CaO required</h3>

The following rule of three can be applied: If by stoichiometric reaction 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂ is produced by 1 mole of CaO, 2 moles of Ca(OH)₂ are produced by how many moles of CaO?

$moles of CaO=\frac{2 moles of Ca(OH)_{2}x1 mol of CaO }{1 mole of Ca(OH)_{2}}$

moles of CaO= 2 moles

Finally, 2 moles of CaO are required to react with 2 moles of Ca(OH)₂.

Learn more about the reaction stoichiometry:

brainly.com/question/24741074

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2 years ago