Question

Discuss potential advantages and disadvantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry.

Answer 1

Potential advantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry are:

• Natural resource, easy to obtain, lower cost.
• Avoiding biomass drying step.
• Facilitating recovery of inorganics contained in biomass.

Disadvantages of using water as a solvent in organic chemistry

• Higher critical point, severe reaction conditions.
• Lower yields of water insoluble bio-oil.
• The bio-oil with higher oxygen content and lower calorific value.

What is the most widely used liquefaction solvent?

Water is the most common liquefaction solvent. Not only is water an environmentally friendly solvent that is inexpensive and does not pollute the environment, but it also facilitates the recovery and recycling of inorganic matter contained in biomass in ionic form for eventual use as fertilizers.

Why is water called a universal solvent?

• Water dissolves many substances and is known as a universal solvent. We learned that, despite being a universal solvent, it can only dissolve polar molecules and that nonpolar molecules, even when mixed with water, form a separate layer.
• Many researchers around the world have studied the effect of liquefaction solvent type on the liquefaction behaviors of various biomasses, including lignocelluloses, algae, and sewage sludge.

Learn more about water as a solvent:

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