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1 year ago

In order to promote the common ion effect, the concentration of the common ion must first:_____.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Svet_ta [14]1 year ago

3 0

We need to increase the concentration of common ion first, in order to promote the common ion effect

<h3>What is the Common ion effect?</h3>

It is an effect that suppresses the dissociation of salt due to the addition of another salt having common ions.

For example, a saturated solution of silver chloride in equilibrium has Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ . Sodium Chloride is added to the solution and has a common ion Cl⁻. As a result, the equilibrium shifts to the left to form more silver chloride. Thus, solubility of AgCl decreases.

The Equilibrium law states that if a process is in equilibrium and is subjected to a change

in temperature,
pressure,
the concentration of reactant or product,

then the equilibrium shifts in a particular direction, according to the condition.

Thus, an increase in the concentration of common ion promotes the common ion effect.

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The atom with the same number of neutrons as 12C is 9Be. 11B. 13C. 14N.

julia-pushkina [17]

Answer : The atom with the same number of neutrons as $^{12}C$ is, $^{11}B$

Explanation :

The given atom is, $^{12}C$

Atomic mass number = 12

Atomic number = 6

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons = 6

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass number - Atomic number = 12 - 6 = 6

Now we have to determine the number of neutrons in the given options.

In atom, $^{9}Be$

Atomic mass number = 9

Atomic number = 4

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons = 4

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass number - Atomic number = 9 - 4 = 5

In atom, $^{11}B$

Atomic mass number = 11

Atomic number = 5

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons = 5

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass number - Atomic number = 11 - 5 = 6

In atom, $^{13}C$

Atomic mass number = 13

Atomic number = 6

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons = 6

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass number - Atomic number = 13 - 6 = 7

In atom, $^{14}N$

Atomic mass number = 14

Atomic number = 7

Atomic number = Number of protons = Number of electrons = 7

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass number - Atomic number = 14 - 7 = 7

Therefore, the atom with the same number of neutrons as $^{12}C$ is, $^{11}B$

6 0

3 years ago

Fossil fuels are considered to be __________ resources because they are consumed ___________ than they form.

mixas84 [53]

Fossil fuels are formed by the deposition of organic matter. It is a nonrenewable resource as they deplete faster as they are produced. Thus, option B is correct.

<h3>What is non-renewable resources?</h3><h3 />

A non-renewable resource is exhaustible and takes a longer time to get produced as they include the accumulation of organic matter over thousands of years.

Fossil fuels take a very long time to get replenished and have a slower rate of formation as compared to consumption. It includes petrol, coal, diesel, natural gases, etc.

Therefore, option B. nonrenewable and far faster are the correct blanks.

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8 0

1 year ago

Arrange the following atoms in order of decreasing atomic radius

ElenaW [278]

Answer:

............. ..

6 0

3 years ago

Consider the following system at equilibrium:A(aq)+B(aq) <---> 2C(aq)Classify each of the following actions by whether it

velikii [3]

Explanation:

Any change in the equilibrium is studied on the basis of Le-Chatelier's principle.

This principle states that if there is any change in the variables of the reaction, the equilibrium will shift in the direction to minimize the effect.

On addition of reactant at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in forward direction.
On addition of product at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in backward direction.
On removal of reactant at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in backward direction.
On removal of product at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in forward direction.

$A(aq)+B(aq)\rightleftharpoons 2C(aq)$

Reactants = A , B

Product = C

1. Increase A

On increasing the amount of A at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in forward or rightward direction.

2. Increase B

On increasing the amount of B at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in forward or rightward direction.

3. Increase C

On increasing the amount of C at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in backward or leftward direction.

4. Decease A

On decreasing the amount of A at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in backward or leftward direction.

5. Decease B

On decreasing the amount of B at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in backward or leftward direction.

6. Decease C

On decreasing the amount of C at equilibrium will shift the equilibrium in forward or rightward direction.

7. Double A and Halve B

Equilibrium constant of the reaction = K

$K=\frac{[C]^2}{[A][B]}$

On doubling A and halving B, equilibrium constant of the reaction = K'

$K'=\frac{[C]^2}{[2A][\frac{B}{2}]}=\frac{[C]^2}{[A][B]}$

The value of equilibrium constant K' is equal to K, which means that equilibrium will not shift in any direction.

8. Double both B and C

Equilibrium constant of the reaction = K

$K=\frac{[C]^2}{[A][B]}$

On doubling B and C, equilibrium constant of the reaction = K'

$K'=\frac{[2C]^2}{[A][2B]}=\frac{4[C]^2}{[A][2B]}=\frac{2[C]^2}{[A][B]}$

K' = 2 K

The value of equilibrium constant K' is double the K, which means that product is increasing which means that equilibrium will shift in backward or leftward direction.

5 0

3 years ago

Which element would have the lowest electronegativity? (1 point)

lutik1710 [3]

The element which would have the lowest electronegativity is: an element with a small number of valence electrons and a large atomic radius.

Atomic radii can be defined as a measure of the size (distance) of the atom of a chemical element such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen etc, typically from the nucleus to the valence electrons. The atomic radius of a chemical element decreases across the periodic table, typically from alkali metals (group one elements such as hydrogen, lithium and sodium) to noble gases (group eight elements such as argon, helium and neon). Also, the atomic radius of a chemical element increases down each group of the periodic table, typically from top to bottom (column).

Generally, atoms with relatively large atomic radii tend to have a low electronegativity, ionization energy and a low electron affinity.

Valence electrons can be defined as the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. Thus, number of valence electrons is typically used to determine the chemical properties of elements such as electronegativity.

Electronegativity can be defined as the ability or tendency of the atom of an chemical element to attract any shared pair of electrons.

In conclusion, a chemical element that has small number of valence electrons and a large atomic radius would have the lowest electronegativity.

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8 0

3 years ago