Question

At liftoff, a space shuttle uses a solid mixture of ammonium  perchlorate and aluminum powder to obtain great thrust from the volume change of solid to gas. In the presence of a catalyst, the mixture forms solid aluminum oxide and aluminum trichloride and gaseous water and nitrogen monoxide.
(b) How many total moles of gas (water vapor and nitrogen monoxide) are produced when 50.0 kg of ammonium perchlorate reacts with a stoichiometric amount of Al?

Answer 1

1 - A balanced equation for the reaction is 3NH4ClO4 + 3Al -------> Al2O3 + AlCl3 + 6H2O + 3NO

2 - Ammonium perchlorate is the oxidizing agent while aluminum powder is the reducing agent.

Molar mass of aluminum oxide = 102 g/mol;

The molar mass of ammonium perchlorate =117.5 g/mol.

From the equation of reaction 3 moles of ammonium perchlorate react with 3 moles of aluminum to produce 1 mole of aluminum oxide.

That is 3 x 7.5 g of ammonium perchlorate reacts with g of aluminum to produce 102 g/mol of aluminum oxide. Also 150g.

150 g of ammonium perchlorate produces (150 * 102)/(3*117.5) g of aluminum oxide = 43.4 g of aluminum oxide.

If you need to learn more about the balanced equation, click here;

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