Ferns use both sexual and asexual reproduction methods. In sexual reproduction, a haploid spore grows into a haploid gametophyte. ... The sporophyte produces spores, completing the life cycle. Asexual methods of reproduction include apogamy, poliferous frond tips, and rhizome spreading.
The unit pg stands for pictogram. It is one-trillionth of a gram. Because of the very small mass, it is expressed in the prefix form of the base units for convenience. Now, the mass of cofactor a is 41.5 pg per cell. Since there are a total of 105 cells, the total mass would be:
Total mass = 105 cells * 41.5 pg/cell = 4,357.5 pg
The density of metal = 4.5 g/ml, and the metal = Titanium
<h3>Further explanation </h3>
Density is a quantity derived from the mass and volume
Density is the ratio of mass per unit volume
Density formula:

ρ = density
m = mass
v = volume
mass of metal=27 g
volume = 6 ml
The density :

The metal with a density of 4.5 g/ml is Titanium
To convert 78.1 g of water at 0° C to Ice at -57.1°C; we can do it in steps;
1. Water at 0°C to ice at 0°C
The heat of fusion of ice is 334 J/g;
Heat = 78.1 × 334 = 26085.4 Joules
2. Ice at 0°C to -57.1°C
Specific heat of ice is 2.108 J/g
Heat = 78.1 × 2.108 J/g = 164.6348 Joules
Thus the total heat energy released will be; 26085.4 + 164.6348
= 26250.0348 J or 26.250 kJ